一、無氧銅桿是什么

無氧銅桿是光亮銅桿(gan)(gan)的一種，光亮銅桿(gan)(gan)還(huan)包括低氧(yang)銅桿(gan)(gan)、普(pu)通銅桿(gan)(gan)和其它銅桿(gan)(gan)，無氧(yang)銅桿(gan)(gan)的含(han)氧(yang)量通常小于20ppm，導(dao)電率是普(pu)通銅桿(gan)(gan)的102.3%。

由于生產銅桿的工藝不同，所生產的銅桿中的含氧量及外觀就不同，上引生產的銅桿，工藝得當氧含量在20ppm以下，叫無氧銅桿。連鑄連軋生產的銅桿是在保護條件下的熱軋，氧含量在200-500ppm范圍內，但有時也高達700ppm以上，一般情況下，此種方法生產的銅外表光亮，俗稱光亮桿。

無氧(yang)(yang)(yang)銅桿是不(bu)含(han)(han)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)也不(bu)含(han)(han)任(ren)何(he)脫氧(yang)(yang)(yang)劑殘留(liu)物的(de)(de)純(chun)銅，但實際上還是含(han)(han)有非常微(wei)量(liang)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)和一些雜質(zhi)。按標準規定(ding)，氧(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)含(han)(han)量(liang)不(bu)大(da)(da)于0.02%，雜質(zhi)總含(han)(han)量(liang)不(bu)大(da)(da)于0.05%，銅的(de)(de)純(chun)度(du)大(da)(da)于99.95%。

根據含氧(yang)量(liang)(liang)和(he)雜質含量(liang)(liang)，無(wu)氧(yang)銅(tong)桿(gan)又分為(wei)TU1和(he)TU2銅(tong)桿(gan)，TU1無(wu)氧(yang)銅(tong)桿(gan)純度(du)達到(dao)99.99%，氧(yang)含量(liang)(liang)不(bu)大于(yu)(yu)0.001%；TU2無(wu)氧(yang)銅(tong)純度(du)達到(dao)99.95%，氧(yang)含量(liang)(liang)不(bu)大于(yu)(yu)0.002%。

該圖片由注冊用戶"天空之城"提供，版權聲明反饋

二、無氧銅桿和低氧銅桿的區別

1、生產工藝不同

低氧銅(tong)桿(gan)(gan)是以銅(tong)為原(yuan)料，經過(guo)連鑄連軋法生產出來含氧量200（175）—400（450）ppm之(zhi)間(jian)銅(tong)桿(gan)(gan)材。其生產工藝是金(jin)屬在(zai)豎爐中融化后(hou)，銅(tong)液通(tong)過(guo)保溫爐、溜槽(cao)、中間(jian)包，從澆管(guan)進入封閉的模腔內，采(cai)用較大的冷(leng)(leng)卻強度進行冷(leng)(leng)卻，形(xing)成鑄坯，然后(hou)進行多(duo)道次軋制(zhi)。

無氧銅(tong)桿(gan)一般采用上(shang)引連(lian)鑄(zhu)法(fa)生產(chan)，含氧量一般在20ppm以下。無氧銅(tong)桿(gan)的生產(chan)工藝是金屬在感應電爐(lu)中(zhong)融化后(hou)通過石墨模進(jin)行上(shang)引連(lian)續鑄(zhu)造，之(zhi)后(hou)進(jin)行冷(leng)軋或(huo)冷(leng)加工。

2、組織結構不同

低氧銅桿為(wei)熱加工組(zu)織，在(zai)8mm桿時已有再結晶(jing)形式(shi)出現。從組(zu)織上看(kan)，低氧銅桿中(zhong)的(de)氧以氧化銅的(de)狀態，存在(zai)于晶(jing)粒邊界附(fu)近。

無氧(yang)銅(tong)桿為鑄造組織(zhi)，晶(jing)(jing)粒(li)粗大，這就(jiu)是(shi)無氧(yang)銅(tong)桿再(zai)結晶(jing)(jing)溫度(du)較高、需要較高退(tui)火溫度(du)的原因。由于再(zai)結晶(jing)(jing)發生在晶(jing)(jing)粒(li)邊界(jie)附近，無氧(yang)銅(tong)桿組織(zhi)晶(jing)(jing)粒(li)粗大，晶(jing)(jing)粒(li)尺寸甚至能達(da)幾個(ge)毫米，因而晶(jing)(jing)粒(li)邊界(jie)少，即使通過拉制變形，但(dan)晶(jing)(jing)粒(li)邊界(jie)相對低氧(yang)銅(tong)桿還是(shi)較少，所以需要較高的退(tui)火功率。

3、含氧量不同

低氧(yang)銅(tong)桿的含(han)氧(yang)量(liang)一(yi)般在200（175）—400（450）ppm，因此氧(yang)是在銅(tong)液態(tai)狀態(tai)下吸入(ru)的，好(hao)的銅(tong)桿一(yi)般含(han)氧(yang)量(liang)控制在250ppm左(zuo)右(you)。

無氧(yang)(yang)(yang)銅桿含(han)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)量在10-20ppm以下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，但(dan)目前有的(de)(de)銅排廠家只能做(zuo)到(dao)50ppm以下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)。氧(yang)(yang)(yang)在液態銅下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)保持相當時(shi)間后，被還原而脫(tuo)去，通(tong)常這種桿的(de)(de)含(han)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)量都在10-50ppm以下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，甚至(zhi)(zhi)可(ke)低至(zhi)(zhi)1-2ppm。

4、拉制性能不同

低(di)(di)氧(yang)(yang)銅(tong)桿對漆包線(xian)(xian)性能更(geng)適應些，如(ru)(ru)柔軟性、回彈角、繞線(xian)(xian)性能，但(dan)低(di)(di)氧(yang)(yang)銅(tong)桿對拉(la)(la)絲條件(jian)(jian)相對要苛刻些。同(tong)(tong)樣拉(la)(la)伸(shen)(shen)0.2的(de)(de)細絲，如(ru)(ru)果伸(shen)(shen)線(xian)(xian)條件(jian)(jian)不(bu)(bu)好，普通(tong)的(de)(de)無氧(yang)(yang)銅(tong)桿可拉(la)(la)，而好的(de)(de)低(di)(di)氧(yang)(yang)桿就(jiu)斷線(xian)(xian)；但(dan)如(ru)(ru)果放在好的(de)(de)伸(shen)(shen)線(xian)(xian)條件(jian)(jian)，同(tong)(tong)樣的(de)(de)桿子，低(di)(di)氧(yang)(yang)桿說不(bu)(bu)定就(jiu)能拉(la)(la)到雙零五(wu)，而普通(tong)無氧(yang)(yang)銅(tong)桿只能拉(la)(la)伸(shen)(shen)到0.1而已。低(di)(di)溫超(chao)導線(xian)(xian)中的(de)(de)低(di)(di)溫級無氧(yang)(yang)銅(tong)桿，其細絲間的(de)(de)間距只有0.001mm。

5、具體用途不同

無氧銅桿一般(ban)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解銅(tong)(tong)(tong)生產，電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻率和加工性(xing)能優于低(di)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)桿(gan)，因此生產高要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)工材料一般(ban)采用(yong)無(wu)(wu)(wu)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)桿(gan)，比如做漆包線(xian)，無(wu)(wu)(wu)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)桿(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻更小，應用(yong)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)機時(shi)發熱(re)情況(kuang)時(shi)要(yao)(yao)優于低(di)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)桿(gan)。現在基本上(shang)是(shi)(shi)大規(gui)格、電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)低(di)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)工產品(pin)用(yong)低(di)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)桿(gan)；小規(gui)格、電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)高的(de)(de)用(yong)無(wu)(wu)(wu)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)桿(gan)。而音(yin)響線(xian)一般(ban)反而喜歡用(yong)無(wu)(wu)(wu)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)桿(gan)，這和無(wu)(wu)(wu)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)桿(gan)是(shi)(shi)單(dan)晶銅(tong)(tong)(tong)、低(di)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)桿(gan)是(shi)(shi)多晶銅(tong)(tong)(tong)有關。