杭州慧因高麗寺(si)位于赤(chi)山(shan)埠與玉岑山(shan)之間,是以寺(si)廟建筑為載體、以宗教文化為基(ji)調的特色旅游景點。
慧因高(gao)麗寺(si)始建于927年(nian),屢毀(hui)屢建,到晚清寺(si)廟建筑基(ji)本無存。
2007年,這座歷(li)史(shi)名剎得(de)到復建。復建的(de)慧(hui)因高麗寺(si)(si)具有(you)超越一般寺(si)(si)院的(de)特殊意義與(yu)價值。一方(fang)面(mian),由于(yu)北宋時(shi)期凈(jing)源法(fa)師(shi)的(de)大力弘揚與(yu)海東法(fa)子(zi)義天的(de)捐(juan)資獻經,使得(de)它成為華嚴宗(zong)的(de)中(zhong)興重(zhong)地和教(jiao)藏中(zhong)心,對(dui)中(zhong)國(guo)佛(fo)教(jiao)史(shi)和對(dui)朝(chao)鮮半島佛(fo)教(jiao)有(you)著(zhu)重(zhong)要的(de)影響;另一方(fang)面(mian),它也是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)國(guo)大陸與(yu)朝(chao)鮮半島長(chang)久(jiu)的(de)友好歷(li)史(shi)的(de)見證(zheng)。因此,慧(hui)因高麗寺(si)(si)本身(shen)雖非文(wen)(wen)(wen)物建筑,但卻蘊(yun)藏著(zhu)極豐(feng)富的(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化內涵,承擔著(zhu)以當代精神繼(ji)續發揚佛(fo)教(jiao)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化,持續見證(zheng)佛(fo)教(jiao)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化交流(liu)的(de)歷(li)史(shi)的(de)使命,是(shi)(shi)一處(chu)具有(you)宗(zong)教(jiao)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化展(zhan)示性(xing)質的(de)旅游景點。
布局
復建后(hou)的(de)(de)慧(hui)因(yin)高(gao)麗(li)(li)寺(si)(si),參照“古高(gao)麗(li)(li)寺(si)(si)圖”的(de)(de)規(gui)模和布(bu)(bu)局(ju),建筑風格為宋(song)式。它在(zai)尊重傳統佛寺(si)(si)格局(ju)的(de)(de)基礎上(shang),揉合(he)了宗教(jiao)博物館與(yu)佛寺(si)(si)的(de)(de)特色,營造(zao)出(chu)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)廟的(de)(de)效果(guo),意在(zai)繼(ji)承與(yu)闡釋高(gao)麗(li)(li)寺(si)(si)在(zai)佛教(jiao)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)交(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)上(shang)的(de)(de)歷史淵源,展現唐宋(song)時期(qi)中國佛寺(si)(si)的(de)(de)氛圍和藝術特色。慧(hui)因(yin)高(gao)麗(li)(li)寺(si)(si)的(de)(de)空間(jian)布(bu)(bu)局(ju)由三條(tiao)軸線(xian)組成(cheng):中軸線(xian)是(shi)天王殿(dian)、大雄(xiong)殿(dian)、輪藏殿(dian)與(yu)華嚴經閣,用以展示(shi)中國傳統的(de)(de)佛教(jiao)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)。北側是(shi)佛教(jiao)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)交(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)陳(chen)列(lie)室、方(fang)丈室與(yu)禪堂,將題(ti)點(dian)出(chu)高(gao)麗(li)(li)寺(si)(si)佛教(jiao)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)交(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)的(de)(de)歷史淵源。南面則是(shi)配(pei)套的(de)(de)服務設施。
天王殿
天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)王(wang)殿(dian)(dian)為慧(hui)因高(gao)(gao)麗(li)寺(si)(si)第一(yi)(yi)重(zhong)殿(dian)(dian)堂,殿(dian)(dian)內(nei)以(yi)(yi)仿唐(tang)宋(song)(song)(song)(song)時(shi)期(qi)(qi)四大(da)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)王(wang)青銅像(xiang)立于須(xu)彌(mi)(mi)山(shan)黃(huang)金、琉璃、白(bai)銀、瑪瑙四陲,象(xiang)征護持(chi)人民國土與(yu)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)法(fa)。旁(pang)襯絲綢彩繪及(ji)《慧(hui)因寺(si)(si)山(shan)圖(tu)(tu)》等(deng),以(yi)(yi)稱(cheng)頌慧(hui)因高(gao)(gao)麗(li)寺(si)(si)重(zhong)建盛事(shi)(shi)。兩壁(bi)面以(yi)(yi)饒(rao)富杭城山(shan)水(shui)韻味的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)云水(shui)紋(wen)烘(hong)托物(wu)換星(xing)移杭城宗教(jiao)發展(zhan)史(shi),四片玉(yu)石版精(jing)(jing)雕(diao)(diao)(diao)展(zhan)現(xian)(xian)(xian)莊嚴佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)國與(yu)說法(fa)盛會的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)教(jiao)內(nei)涵(han)。展(zhan)陳手(shou)法(fa)將現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)與(yu)傳統(tong)(tong)有(you)機揉合,既精(jing)(jing)致又(you)不失莊重(zhong)。鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)樓鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)樓為寺(si)(si)院(yuan)懸掛大(da)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)閣。新鑄的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)梵鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)融入了唐(tang)宋(song)(song)(song)(song)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)教(jiao)圖(tu)(tu)案,并吸取同時(shi)期(qi)(qi)高(gao)(gao)麗(li)、新羅時(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)梵鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)特(te)色,鑄造工(gong)藝(yi)精(jing)(jing)致。以(yi)(yi)精(jing)(jing)鑄梵鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)祝愿(yuan)眾(zhong)生"聞鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)聲煩惱(nao)清菩(pu)(pu)提長智慧(hui)生,離(li)地(di)獄(yu)出火(huo)坑愿(yuan)成佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)度(du)眾(zhong)生"。鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)樓底層展(zhan)示中(zhong)(zhong)韓各國佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)寺(si)(si)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)表性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)古鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)模型與(yu)相關紀念品。大(da)雄(xiong)寶殿(dian)(dian)大(da)雄(xiong)寶殿(dian)(dian)為佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)寺(si)(si)正(zheng)殿(dian)(dian),大(da)雄(xiong)是稱(cheng)贊釋迦牟尼佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)威(wei)德高(gao)(gao)上之(zhi)(zhi)意(yi)。現(xian)(xian)(xian)殿(dian)(dian)內(nei)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)像(xiang)以(yi)(yi)慧(hui)因寺(si)(si)歷史(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)最(zui)興盛時(shi)期(qi)(qi)--宋(song)(song)(song)(song)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)群像(xiang)布局呈現(xian)(xian)(xian)。紅花梨木(mu)(mu)精(jing)(jing)雕(diao)(diao)(diao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)須(xu)彌(mi)(mi)座上布列了塑像(xiang)十九(jiu)尊,用以(yi)(yi)表現(xian)(xian)(xian)三世諸(zhu)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)、十方菩(pu)(pu)薩、聲聞羅漢、一(yi)(yi)切圣賢。背墻為三幅傳統(tong)(tong)彩繪,兩側陳列造像(xiang)石刻。整(zheng)個(ge)(ge)殿(dian)(dian)堂肅穆莊重(zhong),營造出唐(tang)宋(song)(song)(song)(song)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)殿(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氛圍。輪(lun)藏殿(dian)(dian)輪(lun)藏是傳統(tong)(tong)寺(si)(si)院(yuan)專設(she)藏放經(jing)(jing)(jing)卷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)殿(dian)(dian)宇,具有(you)"推之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)匝與(yu)誦讀一(yi)(yi)大(da)藏經(jing)(jing)(jing)正(zheng)等(deng)無異(yi)"的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)殊含意(yi)。唐(tang)宋(song)(song)(song)(song)時(shi)江(jiang)南(nan)地(di)區輪(lun)藏設(she)置(zhi)盛行,形(xing)制華(hua)麗(li),寺(si)(si)院(yuan)競相以(yi)(yi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)藏富麗(li)夸耀,但當(dang)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)江(jiang)南(nan)地(di)區寺(si)(si)院(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)輪(lun)藏已無遺構留存。史(shi)載高(gao)(gao)麗(li)寺(si)(si)輪(lun)藏規模恢弘,內(nei)設(she)宋(song)(song)(song)(song)式(shi)轉(zhuan)輪(lun)藏。復建的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)木(mu)(mu)作輪(lun)藏共(gong)四層五重(zhong)檐,高(gao)(gao)13.5米(mi),為國內(nei)最(zui)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)輪(lun)藏。其中(zhong)(zhong)三層內(nei)置(zhi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)書與(yu)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)像(xiang)文(wen)物(wu),頂(ding)層為傳統(tong)(tong)宋(song)(song)(song)(song)式(shi)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)道帳(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)宮樓閣,通(tong)體鐫雕(diao)(diao)(diao)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)龍(long)飛天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)護持(chi)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)經(jing)(jing)(jing)與(yu)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)法(fa),整(zheng)體按傳統(tong)(tong)宋(song)(song)(song)(song)式(shi)小木(mu)(mu)作法(fa)以(yi)(yi)楠木(mu)(mu)精(jing)(jing)雕(diao)(diao)(diao)而成,蘊含了江(jiang)南(nan)地(di)區樓閣式(shi)木(mu)(mu)塔建筑的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優秀技(ji)術傳統(tong)(tong),同時(shi)也展(zhan)現(xian)(xian)(xian)了工(gong)程(cheng)技(ji)術的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)性(xing),不僅成為慧(hui)因高(gao)(gao)麗(li)寺(si)(si)中(zhong)(zhong)最(zui)獨特(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)殿(dian)(dian)宇,亦(yi)是海內(nei)外絕無僅有(you)之(zhi)(zhi)巨構。華(hua)嚴經(jing)(jing)(jing)閣華(hua)嚴經(jing)(jing)(jing)閣為整(zheng)個(ge)(ge)慧(hui)因高(gao)(gao)麗(li)寺(si)(si)中(zhong)(zhong)軸空間序列的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)端點,閣內(nei)復建了楠木(mu)(mu)宋(song)(song)(song)(song)式(shi)壁(bi)帳(zhang),以(yi)(yi)藏佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)教(jiao)經(jing)(jing)(jing)籍,并展(zhan)示韓國佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)教(jiao)界(jie)提供的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)藏經(jing)(jing)(jing)雕(diao)(diao)(diao)版及(ji)各式(shi)典藏佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)教(jiao)文(wen)物(wu)。其環(huan)境結(jie)合佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)龕與(yu)飛天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)彩繪的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)計,游客在瓔珞珠玉(yu)圜佩的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)叮當(dang)中(zhong)(zhong),彷(pang)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)置(zhi)身極(ji)樂世界(jie)中(zhong)(zhong),欣賞(shang)飛天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)技(ji)樂的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)曼妙與(yu)諸(zhu)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)莊嚴圣容等(deng)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)教(jiao)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)相關的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影視片,獲得一(yi)(yi)種特(te)殊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)教(jiao)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)體驗,享受一(yi)(yi)場佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)教(jiao)藝(yi)術的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)盛宴(yan)。佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)教(jiao)交(jiao)流(liu)陳列室中(zhong)(zhong)國大(da)陸(lu)與(yu)朝鮮(xian)半(ban)島(高(gao)(gao)麗(li))的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)教(jiao)交(jiao)流(liu)肇(zhao)始于公元四世紀中(zhong)(zhong)后期(qi)(qi),迄(qi)今(jin)已有(you)1600余(yu)年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史(shi)。其交(jiao)流(liu)活(huo)動影響之(zhi)(zhi)廣泛(fan)、深遠、持(chi)久是世界(jie)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)交(jiao)流(liu)史(shi)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)罕(han)見現(xian)(xian)(xian)象(xiang)。在兩國佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)教(jiao)交(jiao)流(liu)史(shi)上占有(you)重(zhong)要地(di)位的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)僧大(da)德很(hen)多,由于場地(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)限制,本陳列室最(zui)后展(zhan)出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是22位高(gao)(gao)僧的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相關事(shi)(shi)跡(ji)。義天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)堂義天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)堂正(zheng)中(zhong)(zhong)陳列義天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)大(da)師(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)銅塑坐像(xiang),環(huan)以(yi)(yi)12幅銅板連環(huan)畫展(zhan)陳義天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)大(da)師(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生平事(shi)(shi)跡(ji)。從陳列室到義天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)堂,設(she)計了青石浮(fu)雕(diao)(diao)(diao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)義天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)入宋(song)(song)(song)(song)求(qiu)法(fa)和歸國時(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)航(hang)海圖(tu)(tu),今(jin)人可追隨義天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)大(da)師(shi)(shi)足跡(ji)重(zhong)走歷史(shi)路線,象(xiang)征傳統(tong)(tong)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)脈絡。
門票
20元
特殊人群:
A.免(mian)(mian)票(piao)政策:兒童身高1.2米以下(xia)免(mian)(mian)費;70周歲以上(shang)老年人、軍人、殘疾人憑有(you)效證件免(mian)(mian)票(piao);浙江(jiang)省滿30年教(jiao)齡(ling)的(de)教(jiao)師憑教(jiao)師證免(mian)(mian)票(piao)。
B.優惠(hui)政策:兒童身高(gao)1.2-1.5米購兒童票;60—69周(zhou)歲(sui)的老人憑(ping)有效證件購優惠(hui)票;18周(zhou)歲(sui)以下(xia)學(xue)生、全日(ri)制大(da)學(xue)生憑(ping)證購優惠(hui)票。
開放時間
08:00-17:00
1、乘坐809路,經過4站, 到達清波門站
2、乘(cheng)坐y6路,經過5站(zhan), 到(dao)達三(san)臺(tai)山路站(zhan)
3、步行約470米,到達慧因(yin)高麗(li)寺
慧(hui)因(yin)高麗(li)寺(si)(si)最早(zao)建于927年(nian)(后(hou)唐天(tian)(tian)(tian)成二年(nian)),由吳(wu)越王錢(qian)镠建造(zao)。慧(hui)因(yin)高麗(li)寺(si)(si)的出名,和(he)高麗(li)國王文宗(zong)王徽的第四個兒子,也就是出家(jia)封(feng)號為“佑世僧統”的義天(tian)(tian)(tian)有密切關系。1085年(nian)(北宋元豐八年(nian)),義天(tian)(tian)(tian)遠涉重洋到(dao)杭州(zhou)來求佛法,并隨(sui)師傅凈(jing)源入住(zhu)慧(hui)因(yin)寺(si)(si)。后(hou)義天(tian)(tian)(tian)歸國,將《華嚴經(jing)(jing)》三部(bu)170卷送與慧(hui)因(yin)寺(si)(si),并捐資建造(zao)華嚴經(jing)(jing)藏經(jing)(jing)閣及(ji)菩薩像等,使慧(hui)因(yin)寺(si)(si)名聲大振,被譽(yu)為“華嚴第一道場”,俗稱高麗(li)寺(si)(si)。南宋及(ji)元代,慧(hui)因(yin)高麗(li)寺(si)(si)作為御前功德院累受封(feng)賜,香火興旺。此后(hou),慧(hui)因(yin)高麗(li)寺(si)(si)屢(lv)毀屢(lv)建,到(dao)光緒初(chu)年(nian),寺(si)(si)廟建筑(zhu)基本無存。
2004年(nian),杭(hang)州市開始復建這座歷(li)史(shi)名剎,并(bing)把它列(lie)為湖西36處歷(li)史(shi)文化景點之一。這次(ci)復建,前后歷(li)經兩(liang)年(nian)零七個月。
唐宋風格
復建(jian)的(de)慧因高麗寺(si)以(yi)它最鼎(ding)盛時期(qi)的(de)風貌恢復,寺(si)內文(wen)化陳設均為唐宋風格。這與(yu)現代江南(nan)的(de)寺(si)廟(miao)陳設大(da)不(bu)相同。占地面(mian)積約15000平方(fang)米,總建(jian)筑(zhu)面(mian)積約2500平方(fang)米。
很多看(kan)點都是獨一無二。如輪(lun)(lun)藏殿(dian)(dian)、四大天王獨特(te)造型、佛(fo)像、壁(bi)畫……特(te)別值得一提的(de)就是輪(lun)(lun)藏殿(dian)(dian)內的(de)“轉(zhuan)輪(lun)(lun)藏”。
據介(jie)紹,江南的(de)寺廟多為(wei)元代之后的(de)明清風格,典型的(de)如杭州靈隱寺,比(bi)較肅穆(mu),佛像體(ti)量較大。而在慧因高麗(li)寺的(de)大雄寶(bao)殿,群佛像衣衫華(hua)美、體(ti)態(tai)豐盈。
大雄寶(bao)(bao)殿中的(de)(de)群(qun)像是唐(tang)宋(song)寺(si)(si)院中常有的(de)(de),后期(qi)寺(si)(si)院很難見到,這些佛(fo)像的(de)(de)制(zhi)作工(gong)藝(yi)叫(jiao)“生漆脫胎”,幾近(jin)失傳,使用(yong)該工(gong)藝(yi)而(er)流傳下(xia)來的(de)(de)佛(fo)像已相當罕見,在日(ri)(ri)本(ben)奈良(liang)唐(tang)招提寺(si)(si)存(cun)有一尊“鑒真大師(shi)”就是用(yong)脫胎工(gong)藝(yi)制(zhi)成,是日(ri)(ri)本(ben)國寶(bao)(bao)級的(de)(de)珍貴文物。
而寺內四大金剛也(ye)不是排排站(zhan),而是各據東南西(xi)北四個(ge)方(fang)向,面(mian)對面(mian)站(zhan)立(li)。四大金剛像也(ye)非(fei)常獨特,手持降魔寶器,神態慈祥,不是常見的“怒目圓睜(zheng)”。
轉輪藏
慧因高麗寺內(nei)還藏(zang)有世(shi)界第一高的轉輪(lun)藏(zang),高達13.6米。通身(shen)用楠木雕就,且(qie)用金箔裝飾。
輪藏(zang)是(shi)傳統寺院(yuan)專設(she)(she)藏(zang)放經卷的(de)殿宇(yu),具有“推之一匝(圈)與誦讀一大藏(zang)經正等(deng)無異”的(de)特殊含意。唐(tang)宋(song)時江南地區輪藏(zang)設(she)(she)置(zhi)盛行,形制華麗,寺院(yuan)競相以(yi)經藏(zang)富麗夸耀,但當(dang)代江南地區寺院(yuan)的(de)輪藏(zang)已無遺構留存。
這座數噸重(zhong)的精(jing)美建筑,可(ke)以(yi)以(yi)普通的人力推(tui)動。4人各據一(yi)角,手握(wo)木制推(tui)手,一(yi)致用力徐徐往前推(tui),這座金(jin)燦(can)燦(can)的“龐然大(da)物”便(bian)開始緩緩轉動。因(yin)為(wei)行(xing)進速度(du)很慢(man),可(ke)以(yi)有足夠的時(shi)間,慢(man)慢(man)品(pin)賞其內(nei)的陳列品(pin)。
武林梵志
高麗寺本名慧因寺,后唐天成二年,吳越錢武(wu)肅王建也。
宋(song)元豐八年(nian)(nian),高(gao)麗(li)(li)國王子僧統義(yi)天(tian)(tian)入貢,因請凈源法師學賢首教。元祐(you)二年(nian)(nian),以金(jin)書漢譯《華嚴經(jing)》三(san)百(bai)部入寺,施(shi)金(jin)建華嚴大閣藏(zang)塔以尊崇之。元祐(you)四(si)年(nian)(nian),統義(yi)天(tian)(tian)以祭奠(dian)凈源為名,兼進金(jin)塔二座。杭(hang)州刺史蘇軾疏(shu)言(yan):“外夷不可使(shi)屢入中國,以疏(shu)邊防,金(jin)塔宜卻(que)弗受。”神宗從之。元延祐(you)四(si)年(nian)(nian),高(gao)麗(li)(li)沈王奉詔(zhao)進香幡經(jing)于此。至正末毀。洪武初(chu)重葺。俗稱高(gao)麗(li)(li)寺。礎(chu)石精工,藏(zang)輪(lun)(lun)宏(hong)麗(li)(li),兩山所無。萬(wan)歷間,僧如(ru)通(tong)重修。余(yu)少(shao)時從先宜人至寺燒香,出錢三(san)百(bai),命輿人推轉輪(lun)(lun)藏(zang),輪(lun)(lun)轉呀(ya)(ya)呀(ya)(ya),如(ru)鼓吹初(chu)作。后旋轉熟滑,藏(zang)輪(lun)(lun)如(ru)飛,推者莫及。
高麗寺志
“寺址最稱廣衍,舊傳三十畝有奇,而(er)前(qian)后(hou)左右松邱竹塢麥隴菜畦(qi)不(bu)預焉(yan)”。
明萬歷如通興復時,“以玉岑緊逼(bi)無(wu)隙地,即山門為之。旁設四天王,中(zhong)龕向背,俱觀(guan)音像”,其像乃寺(si)僧無(wu)盡(jin)掘地所得(de),雖“淪埋歲久”,卻(que)“莊嚴福(fu)好,宛然如新”。
大(da)雄殿,始建之(zhi)初采用雕(diao)飾龍(long)鳳云雷紋飾的(de)石柱和(he)石礎,規制(zhi)宏大(da),人稱“漢宮金狄”,至(zhi)明末猶存寺內,且為(wei)歷(li)次(ci)修(xiu)葺(qi)時(shi)采用。而(er)其它木構件“遞圮遞修(xiu),榱桷棟楹,漸非故物”。明末如(ru)通復興時(shi),“規模跂翼,與玉岑對峙,差相(xiang)伯仲,不(bu)失(shi)舊觀”。高(gao)度(du)與玉岑山不(bu)相(xiang)上下。玉岑山最高(gao)峰(feng)海拔(ba)僅26米(mi),地平(ping)面高(gao)度(du)為(wei)10米(mi),則(ze)(ze)玉岑山相(xiang)對高(gao)度(du)為(wei)16米(mi)許。如(ru)此,則(ze)(ze)大(da)雄殿高(gao)度(du)也當在15米(mi)上下。如(ru)通修(xiu)復后,不(bu)久又圮廢(fei)。到(dao)呂純如(ru)謁寺捐資(zi)重(zhong)建時(shi),大(da)雄殿又一次(ci)得以(yi)修(xiu)整一新。殿內“初止奉毗(pi)盧(lu)佛(fo)一尊(zun),自(zi)易庵通之(zhi)葺(qi),遂中奉釋(shi)迦,左(zuo)普賢而(er)右(you)文殊(shu),以(yi)華嚴座普賢長(chang)子居上首也”,即(ji)所謂“前正殿,廬三世佛(fo)”。“正殿元獨毗(pi)盧(lu)佛(fo)一尊(zun),座下惟侍(shi)托(tuo)塔毗(pi)沙門(men)、護法(fa)韋馱(tuo)而(er)已(yi),四(si)旁周(zhou)圍,前立二十天(tian),后坐(zuo)十八應(ying)真。易庵以(yi)為(wei)華嚴境(jing)界有(you)主有(you)伴,于是左(zuo)增(zeng)長(chang)子大(da)行普賢愿王(wang),右(you)增(zeng)小男大(da)智(zhi)文殊(shu)師利法(fa)王(wang)子。”
輪(lun)(lun)藏(zang)(zang)殿(dian),明萬歷如(ru)(ru)通興復時“起(qi)于園池,正猶龍藏(zang)(zang)之(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)”,“與大殿(dian)相連,高則倍(bei)之(zhi)(zhi),接構工巧,無湊(cou)泊跡。雖諸山繚繞(rao),湖中仿佛隱見。中設(she)(she)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)輪(lun)(lun),貯欽賜藏(zang)(zang)經于函。璧(bi)水瀠環(huan),檐阿翬煥,相輪(lun)(lun)聲(sheng)聞(wen)數里。兩山邀游(you),咸謂目(mu)未曾(ceng)有也”。修寺(si)志時李翥列“輪(lun)(lun)藏(zang)(zang)凌云(yun)”為“惠因十景”之(zhi)(zhi)一。如(ru)(ru)果(guo)藏(zang)(zang)閣高度真的(de)比大雄(xiong)殿(dian)高一倍(bei),那么其(qi)地面高度當在(zai)三十米左(zuo)右,人(ren)在(zai)西(xi)湖中自然也可望見其(qi)雄(xiong)姿。除了“高”和(he)“巧”兩個特(te)征(zheng)外(wai),輪(lun)(lun)藏(zang)(zang)殿(dian)還有一個特(te)征(zheng),就是“中設(she)(she)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)輪(lun)(lun),規制宏偉”,一柱八面,無與倫比。張岱幼(you)時到寺(si)內燒香,“出錢(qian)三百(bai),命輿人(ren)推轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)輪(lun)(lun)藏(zang)(zang),輪(lun)(lun)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)呀(ya)(ya)呀(ya)(ya)如(ru)(ru)鼓(gu)吹初作,后旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)熟滑,藏(zang)(zang)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)如(ru)(ru)飛,推者莫(mo)及”,所述(shu)正是如(ru)(ru)通修建的(de)藏(zang)(zang)殿(dian)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)輪(lun)(lun)。
華(hua)(hua)嚴經(jing)閣(ge),哲宗(zong)(zong)元(yuan)符(fu)二年(1099)義天王(wang)子捐資二千兩(liang)銀子建(jian)(jian)此閣(ge),徽宗(zong)(zong)建(jian)(jian)中(zhong)(zhong)靖(jing)國元(yuan)年(1101)建(jian)(jian)成(cheng)(cheng)。內(nei)奉義天所(suo)獻金書《華(hua)(hua)嚴經(jing)》三部以(yi)及其它教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)宗(zong)(zong)玄(xuan)要六百多函,是華(hua)(hua)嚴教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)中(zhong)(zhong)興后(hou)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)宗(zong)(zong)典籍(ji)的(de)寶庫。南宋寧宗(zong)(zong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)曾親臨(lin)閣(ge)內(nei)閱經(jing),且御題(ti)“華(hua)(hua)嚴經(jing)閣(ge)”匾額(e)。元(yuan)末(mo)寺毀時(shi)(shi)(shi),閣(ge)也廢(fei)沒。明初重葺,經(jing)閣(ge)未復(fu)。“嗣后(hou)遞廢(fei)遞興,閣(ge)之(zhi)遺(yi)址終(zhong)屬飛(fei)蓬野蔓”。如(ru)通(tong)興復(fu)時(shi)(shi)(shi),閣(ge)亦未復(fu)。其后(hou)寺僧本(ben)源(yuan)澄的(de)徒(tu)弟月印微“慨然創復(fu)”,惜(xi)“功(gong)未竟而殤”。“本(ben)源(yuan)愍其徒(tu)之(zhi)志,閉關面(mian)壁,三歷寒暑(shu),眾心向往(wang),樂(le)觀其成(cheng)(cheng)。裔孫止水凝,拮據竣事,中(zhong)(zhong)奉準提,軒窗四照,嵐光樹色,面(mian)面(mian)如(ru)畫,聞御書額(e)入張(zhang)尚書(張(zhang)瀚)府(fu)第(di),閣(ge)成(cheng)(cheng)復(fu)還,數百年久廢(fei)之(zhi)規,一新耳目,遠(yuan)近有重興之(zhi)望焉(yan)。”華(hua)(hua)嚴經(jing)閣(ge)的(de)修(xiu)復(fu),是高麗寺復(fu)興的(de)重要標幟。