2.1土(tu)壤地貌條件 興(xing)安蜜(mi)桔(jie)分布在興(xing)安縣境(jing)內的河谷平原、寬(kuan)谷地、由河流沖積(ji)(ji)構成(cheng)的平坦地面以及丘陵地帶等區(qu)域,這些區(qu)域的成(cheng)土(tu)母(mu)質(zhi)以紅土(tu)母(mu)質(zhi)、河流沖積(ji)(ji)母(mu)質(zhi)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu),土(tu)壤質(zhi)地以壤土(tu)和中(zhong)壤為(wei)(wei)主(zhu),土(tu)層(ceng)厚、土(tu)壤理化性狀(zhuang)好,有機(ji)質(zhi)含量高,PH值5.5~6.5之間,土(tu)壤條件非常適合發展(zhan)興(xing)安蜜(mi)桔(jie)生產。
2.2水文條件 興(xing)安縣海拔(ba)較高,森林植被率(lv)達62.2%,境(jing)內水系發達,溪河遍布(bu),水量(liang)充(chong)沛,湘江(jiang)、漓(li)江(jiang)均(jun)發源于此(ci)。保護(hu)區(qu)域范圍內水源均(jun)未受工業(ye)污染,水質均(jun)符合國家有關標準,為興(xing)安蜜桔的生長提供優(you)質水源。
2.3氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)條件 興安(an)(an)蜜(mi)桔保護地(di)域(yu)范(fan)圍(wei)地(di)處中亞熱(re)帶濕(shi)潤季(ji)風(feng)氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)區,雨(yu)(yu)熱(re)資源豐富,雨(yu)(yu)熱(re)同(tong)步特點明顯。該(gai)范(fan)圍(wei)內氣(qi)溫適(shi)宜,年(nian)平均(jun)氣(qi)溫17.5℃,年(nian)平均(jun)無(wu)霜期293d,年(nian)平均(jun)日照1459.51h;雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)充(chong)沛,年(nian)平均(jun)降雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)1814.6mm,年(nian)平均(jun)空氣(qi)相對濕(shi)度79%。興安(an)(an)蜜(mi)桔保護地(di)域(yu)范(fan)圍(wei)所處的(de)“湘桂走(zou)廊(lang)”,西(xi)北、東(dong)南兩向分(fen)別(bie)有(you)越城嶺(ling)山(shan)系、都龐嶺(ling)山(shan)系對來至于北方的(de)寒冷(leng)氣(qi)流(liu)(liu)和(he)南方的(de)暖濕(shi)氣(qi)流(liu)(liu)均(jun)有(you)一定(ding)阻隔作(zuo)用,特別(bie)是在(zai)興安(an)(an)蜜(mi)桔果實膨大的(de)秋冬(dong)季(ji)節(jie)形(xing)成(cheng)了相對穩定(ding)的(de)小氣(qi)候(hou)(hou),同(tong)時該(gai)地(di)域(yu)范(fan)圍(wei)所處緯度區域(yu)晝(zhou)夜溫差較大,有(you)利于興安(an)(an)蜜(mi)桔生長及有(you)機物質積累(lei),容易形(xing)成(cheng)興安(an)(an)蜜(mi)桔獨特的(de)品質。
興(xing)安蜜(mi)桔農產品地理標志(zhi)地域保(bao)護(hu)(hu)范圍位于廣西壯族自治區(qu)興(xing)安縣所轄的溶江鎮(zhen)、嚴關縝、興(xing)安鎮(zhen)、湘(xiang)漓鎮(zhen)、界首鎮(zhen)、漠(mo)川鄉、崔家鄉、白石鄉、華江鄉、高尚鎮(zhen)等10個(ge)鎮(zhen)(鄉)共117個(ge)行政村(cun)(社(she)區(qu))。保(bao)護(hu)(hu)范圍地理坐標為東經110°14′~110°56′之間,北緯(wei)25°18′~26°55′。興(xing)安蜜(mi)桔保(bao)護(hu)(hu)面積(ji)6700hm,保(bao)護(hu)(hu)產量(liang)200000t。
4.1外觀感官特征 興安蜜桔果實大(da)小均勻(yun)、適中,單果重25g~40g,果形扁(bian)圓,皮薄(bo),橙黃色(se)有光澤,油泡小而密(mi),平生或微(wei)凹。
4.2內在品質(zhi)指標(biao) 果肉汁多,風味濃(nong),酸甜可口,香氣醇(chun)厚,種(zhong)子(zi)1粒~2粒或無核(he)。可食率≥75%;可溶性固形物含(han)量≥13%,總糖(tang)含(han)量≥10g/100g,總酸含(han)量≤0.6g/100g,維生素C含(han)量≥20mg/100g。
4.3安全(quan)(quan)要求(qiu) 興安縣(xian)蜜(mi)桔安全(quan)(quan)指標(biao)必(bi)須(xu)符(fu)合(he)GB2762食(shi)品(pin)安全(quan)(quan)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)標(biao)準食(shi)品(pin)中(zhong)污(wu)染物限量、GB2763食(shi)品(pin)安全(quan)(quan)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)標(biao)準食(shi)品(pin)中(zhong)農藥最大殘留限量等標(biao)準的要求(qiu)。
3.1產地選擇(ze) 興(xing)安蜜桔選擇(ze)在土(tu)壤(rang)疏松、土(tu)層(ceng)深厚、通透性能好(hao)、保(bao)肥保(bao)水(shui)性能好(hao)的沖積土(tu)、礫石土(tu)、紅壤(rang)土(tu)等(deng)土(tu)種,土(tu)壤(rang)PH值(zhi)在5.5~6.5之間,背風向陽的緩(huan)坡園地建園。
3.2品種選(xuan)擇 興安蜜(mi)桔(jie)選(xuan)擇適宜當(dang)地(di)種植且在(zai)農業部門注冊登記的(de)蜜(mi)桔(jie)品種,必須是(shi)無病(bing)健康的(de)種苗。目前以南豐蜜(mi)桔(jie)優選(xuan)品種為主。
3.3生產過程(cheng)中管理
3.3.1栽(zai)植時間 興(xing)安蜜桔春(chun)季、秋冬(dong)季都可進行栽(zai)植,以春(chun)植最好。春(chun)植:2月~4月;秋冬(dong)種植:10月~11月,霜凍之(zhi)前(qian)栽(zai)植。
3.3.2種植(zhi)密度 株(zhu)行距為2.5m×4m或3m×4m,按667m2栽植(zhi)55株(zhu)~66株(zhu),規模連片種植(zhi)為宜。
3.3土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)管理 3.3.1擴(kuo)穴改土(tu)(tu) 宜在(zai)每年冬季或早春進行,旱地果園以樹(shu)冠(guan)大小為度,從樹(shu)冠(guan)外(wai)圍滴水線(xian)起向外(wai)開長(chang)1m~1.5m的(de)溝,寬0.3m~0.4m,深0.4m~0.6m,水田(tian)深為0.1~0.2m為宜,并逐年向外(wai)擴(kuo)展。回填時以綠肥(fei)(fei)(fei)、秸(jie)桿(gan)或腐(fu)熟的(de)人畜(chu)糞肥(fei)(fei)(fei)、堆肥(fei)(fei)(fei)、餅肥(fei)(fei)(fei)等,表土(tu)(tu)放在(zai)最底層(ceng),粗肥(fei)(fei)(fei)放下部(bu)(bu),精肥(fei)(fei)(fei)放中上(shang)部(bu)(bu),精肥(fei)(fei)(fei)與土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)混合均(jun)勻,心土(tu)(tu)放在(zai)表層(ceng)。
3.3.2行間套種作物(wu)或留(liu)草種植 選擇淺根、矮(ai)桿的豆科(ke)作物(wu)和禾本科(ke)牧草,適時修割覆蓋(gai)果盤。
3.3.3中(zhong)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)與培(pei)(pei)(pei)土(tu) 中(zhong)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)宜在春、夏季(ji)(ji)進(jin)行,每年(nian)中(zhong)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)1次(ci)~2次(ci),保持土(tu)壤疏松(song),中(zhong)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)深度(du)為8cm~15cm,坡嶺宜稍(shao)深,水田宜稍(shao)淺。雨季(ji)(ji)不宜中(zhong)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)。 培(pei)(pei)(pei)土(tu)宜在冬季(ji)(ji)或早春進(jin)行,可結合中(zhong)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)進(jin)行,主要將箱(xiang)溝土(tu)壤培(pei)(pei)(pei)到箱(xiang)面(mian),厚度(du)5cm~8cm。
3.4施肥 3.4.1施肥原則(ze) 主(zhu)施、多施有機肥,合理施無(wu)機肥,提(ti)倡葉片營養診斷配(pei)方施肥。
3.4.2 施(shi)(shi)肥方(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa) 采(cai)用環狀溝(gou)(gou)施(shi)(shi)、條溝(gou)(gou)施(shi)(shi)、撒施(shi)(shi)等(deng)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)。在樹冠滴水線外(wai)挖環狀溝(gou)(gou)或條溝(gou)(gou),寬20cm~25cm,深度(du)20cm~40cm。東(dong)西、南北對(dui)稱(cheng)輪(lun)換位置施(shi)(shi)肥,布設(she)有微噴(pen)或滴灌設(she)施(shi)(shi)的果(guo)園(yuan)宜進行(xing)液體(ti)肥追施(shi)(shi)。
3.4.3 葉面追肥 在不同(tong)的生(sheng)長發育期(qi),選用不同(tong)種類的微(wei)量元素葉肥噴施。春梢生(sheng)長期(qi)、花期(qi)、幼(you)果生(sheng)長期(qi)以噴施硼、鋅、鎂、鈣為主,其他時期(qi)缺(que)什么補什么。
3.5 整形修剪
3.5.1適宜的樹(shu)形 自然圓(yuan)頭(tou)形培育,在(zai)主干(gan)高30cm~50cm,配置3個~4個主枝(zhi),各主枝(zhi)上(shang)配置3個~5個副(fu)主枝(zhi),副(fu)主枝(zhi)上(shang)配置3個~5個側(ce)枝(zhi)枝(zhi),側(ce)枝(zhi)上(shang)配置結果枝(zhi)組,各級(ji)枝(zhi)留6張~8張葉片短(duan)截促其(qi)生成下級(ji)枝(zhi),各級(ji)枝(zhi)間距離為20cm~30cm,分枝(zhi)角度在(zai)30°左(zuo)右。
3.5.2修(xiu)剪(jian)要點 幼樹期以輕剪(jian)為主,在(zai)(zai)各主枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、副主枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)留6葉(xie)(xie)~8葉(xie)(xie)進行(xing)短(duan)截(jie),結合剪(jian)口芽方向(xiang)調節各級枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)間(jian)生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)的平衡(heng);對(dui)(dui)過密枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組(zu)適當(dang)疏(shu)刪外,內膛(tang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)樹冠中(zhong)下(xia)部(bu)較(jiao)弱的枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)梢(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)均(jun)應保(bao)留。初(chu)結果期,抹除夏梢(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao),繼續選擇和(he)短(duan)截(jie)各級骨干(gan)(gan)(gan)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)延長(chang)(chang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),留6葉(xie)(xie)~8葉(xie)(xie)短(duan)截(jie),促(cu)(cu)發健壯(zhuang)的秋梢(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)。抽生(sheng)較(jiao)多秋梢(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)營養枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時,可(ke)采(cai)用疏(shu)除三分(fen)之(zhi)一(yi)衰(shuai)弱枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)或(huo)(huo)疏(shu)除三分(fen)之(zhi)一(yi)長(chang)(chang)勢強(qiang)壯(zhuang)的枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)梢(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao),保(bao)留長(chang)(chang)勢中(zhong)庸(yong)的枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)梢(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)。秋季(ji)對(dui)(dui)旺長(chang)(chang)樹采(cai)用環割(ge)、斷根(gen)、控水等促(cu)(cu)花措施(shi)。盛果期,及(ji)時剪(jian)除干(gan)(gan)(gan)枯(ku)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、病蟲枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。對(dui)(dui)較(jiao)擁擠的骨干(gan)(gan)(gan)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)適當(dang)疏(shu)剪(jian)“開天(tian)窗”,將陽光投射樹冠內膛(tang)。株間(jian)或(huo)(huo)行(xing)間(jian)密閉的采(cai)取隔(ge)(ge)株或(huo)(huo)隔(ge)(ge)行(xing)“間(jian)伐”措施(shi),達到(dao)通風透光目(mu)的。對(dui)(dui)當(dang)年抽生(sheng)的營養枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),通過短(duan)截(jie)其(qi)中(zhong)部(bu)分(fen)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)梢(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)調節翌年產量,防止大(da)小年結果。衰(shuai)老樹更新(xin),對(dui)(dui)無花、無葉(xie)(xie)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組(zu),在(zai)(zai)重疏(shu)刪基礎上,對(dui)(dui)大(da)部(bu)分(fen)或(huo)(huo)全部(bu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)梢(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)進行(xing)回(hui)縮和(he)短(duan)截(jie)處(chu)理,促(cu)(cu)發新(xin)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)梢(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)。對(dui)(dui)處(chu)理后抽發的夏梢(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)、秋梢(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)應采(cai)取短(duan)強(qiang)、留中(zhong)、去弱的三三制(zhi)處(chu)理。
3.6 花果(guo)管理 3.6.1葉面肥保果(guo) 在謝花后(hou)噴施九二(er)(er)O+0.3-0.5%磷酸二(er)(er)氫(qing)鉀+0.15%硼肥,隔15d再噴一(yi)次。
3.6.2 控(kong)夏梢保果 在5月~7月噴400倍多(duo)效唑(zuo)控(kong)或(huo)人工抹夏梢保果;在5月上旬采(cai)用環(huan)割等措施進行保果。
3.6.3人工疏(shu)果 幼(you)果期嚴格疏(shu)除病蟲(chong)果、小果,畸(ji)形果,弱枝少留或不留果,適宜的掛(gua)果量(liang)為3000kg/畝~4000kg/畝。
3.7病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)害防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi) 堅持以“農業防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)、物理防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)、生(sheng)(sheng)物防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)為主,化(hua)學(xue)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)為輔(fu)”原則。實(shi)(shi)行檢疫(yi),培(pei)育無病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)苗木(mu)。加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)樹體管理,通過抽梢(shao)期(qi)、花果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)期(qi)和采果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)后(hou)的(de)(de)修(xiu)剪,去除交(jiao)(jiao)叉枝(zhi)、過密枝(zhi),適期(qi)放梢(shao),使物候期(qi)整齊(qi)一(yi)致,提高植(zhi)株抗病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)能力。采果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)后(hou)修(xiu)剪和清(qing)園(yuan)(yuan),把病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)枝(zhi)、枯枝(zhi)、葉、花、爛(lan)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)集(ji)中進行無害化(hua)處理,減少傳染(ran)源(yuan)。開花期(qi)和小果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)期(qi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)誘(you)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)燈和黃(huang)板等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)設備誘(you)殺害蟲(chong)(chong)(chong),利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)性信息素和夜間強(qiang)(qiang)光照射(she)的(de)(de)方法干擾雌雄蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)間的(de)(de)交(jiao)(jiao)配行為的(de)(de)方法等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)進行物理防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)。人工釋(shi)放平腹(fu)小蜂(feng)、捕(bu)食螨(man)(man)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)天敵防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)害等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)。化(hua)學(xue)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)時(shi),興安蜜(mi)桔(jie)(jie)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)害防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)藥劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)應符合GB/T8321.10農藥合理使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)準則的(de)(de)要(yao)求,優先(xian)選(xuan)擇使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)生(sheng)(sheng)物農藥。興安蜜(mi)桔(jie)(jie)化(hua)學(xue)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)主要(yao)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)害有(you)(you)黃(huang)龍病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)、砂皮病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)、煤煙病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)、炭疽病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing),主要(yao)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)害有(you)(you)紅蜘蛛、銹壁虱(shi)(shi)(shi)、潛葉蛾(e)、柑桔(jie)(jie)木(mu)虱(shi)(shi)(shi)。黃(huang)龍病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)的(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi):嚴(yan)格實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)植(zhi)物檢疫(yi)措施(shi)(shi),所有(you)(you)新種(zhong)(zhong)或(huo)者(zhe)補種(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)柑橘果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)園(yuan)(yuan),都應種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)無病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒苗木(mu)。防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)好柑桔(jie)(jie)木(mu)虱(shi)(shi)(shi),在秋冬期(qi)(采果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)后(hou))、春芽(ya)萌(meng)動(dong)期(qi)前各噴殺木(mu)虱(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)次,各次梢(shao)期(qi)均(jun)以連(lian)噴2次藥劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)為宜。及時(shi)清(qing)除發病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)園(yuan)(yuan)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)株。發病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)率超過20%的(de)(de)新種(zhong)(zhong)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)園(yuan)(yuan),鏟除全部植(zhi)株重新種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)無病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒苗。砂皮病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi),可(ke)選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)氟啶(ding)胺(an)、代鋅(xin)錳鋅(xin)、氟硅唑等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)藥劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)按(an)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)量配制施(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。煤煙病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi),可(ke)選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)代森(sen)錳鋅(xin)、銅制劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、乙蒜素等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)藥劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)按(an)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)量配制施(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。炭疽病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi),可(ke)選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)氟啶(ding)胺(an)、抑霉唑等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)、三(san)唑類農藥按(an)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)量配制施(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。紅蜘蛛、銹壁虱(shi)(shi)(shi)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi),可(ke)選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)阿維(wei)菌(jun)素、螺螨(man)(man)脂(zhi)、虱(shi)(shi)(shi)螨(man)(man)脲(niao)、氟啶(ding)胺(an)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)藥劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)按(an)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)量配制施(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。柑桔(jie)(jie)木(mu)虱(shi)(shi)(shi)、潛葉蛾(e)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)可(ke)選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)吡(bi)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)啉(lin)、吡(bi)蚜酮(tong)、噻蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)嗪等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)藥劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)按(an)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)量配制施(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。
3.8采(cai)(cai)收(shou) 鮮(xian)銷(xiao)果(guo)(guo)(guo)在(zai)果(guo)(guo)(guo)實正常成熟、果(guo)(guo)(guo)皮完全(quan)著色,呈現桔紅或(huo)橙紅色,口感香甜爽口時采(cai)(cai)收(shou)。采(cai)(cai)收(shou)時間(jian)應(ying)在(zai)上午10點前,采(cai)(cai)用“一果(guo)(guo)(guo)兩(liang)剪”法(fa),第一剪離果(guo)(guo)(guo)蒂(di)1cm~2cm處剪下,再齊(qi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)蒂(di)剪平,采(cai)(cai)果(guo)(guo)(guo)過程中輕拿輕放(fang),避免果(guo)(guo)(guo)實受(shou)機械和二次損傷。采(cai)(cai)收(shou)后將果(guo)(guo)(guo)品按大小、色澤(ze)等等級分選后裝(zhuang)箱(xiang),用塑料筐、泡沬箱(xiang)、紙(zhi)質箱(xiang)等包裝(zhuang),所有包裝(zhuang)材料均要求清潔、衛生、無(wu)毒、無(wu)異味、無(wu)毒害物質污(wu)染(ran)、無(wu)霉菌病菌。預冷處理8h~12h后運(yun)入市場銷(xiao)售。
3.9生產(chan)記錄 興安(an)蜜桔生產(chan)全過程,須建立(li)生產(chan)記錄檔案。包括(kuo)記錄物候期、病(bing)蟲發生情況、技術措施、農藥肥料使用情況,并妥善保(bao)存2y以(yi)上。
5.1標志(zhi)使(shi)(shi)用人(ren)條(tiao)件(jian)(jian) 符合(he)下列條(tiao)件(jian)(jian)的(de)單位和(he)個人(ren),可以向(xiang)登(deng)記證書特有人(ren)申請(qing)使(shi)(shi)用興(xing)(xing)安蜜(mi)桔農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)地理標志(zhi):興(xing)(xing)安蜜(mi)桔生產(chan)區域在(zai)本登(deng)記確定的(de)地域范(fan)圍內;取(qu)得登(deng)記農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)相關(guan)的(de)生產(chan)經(jing)營資質;能夠(gou)嚴(yan)格按(an)(an)照規定的(de)質量技術規范(fan)組織開展生產(chan)經(jing)營活(huo)動;具有地理標志(zhi)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)市場開發經(jing)營能力:使(shi)(shi)用興(xing)(xing)安蜜(mi)桔農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)地理標志(zhi),應當按(an)(an)照生產(chan)經(jing)營年度與登(deng)記證書持有人(ren)簽(qian)訂興(xing)(xing)安蜜(mi)桔農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)地理標志(zhi)使(shi)(shi)用協議,在(zai)協議中標明使(shi)(shi)用數(shu)量、范(fan)圍及相關(guan)的(de)責任義務(wu)。
5.2標(biao)(biao)志使(shi)用(yong)人權利 農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)地理標(biao)(biao)志使(shi)用(yong)人享有以(yi)下權利:可以(yi)在產(chan)(chan)品(pin)及(ji)包裝上統一使(shi)用(yong)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)地理標(biao)(biao)志(興安(an)(an)蜜桔(jie)和(he)公(gong)共標(biao)(biao)識圖案組合標(biao)(biao)注型(xing)等);可以(yi)使(shi)用(yong)興安(an)(an)蜜桔(jie)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)地理標(biao)(biao)進行宣傳和(he)參(can)加展(zhan)覽(lan)、展(zhan)示和(he)展(zhan)銷。
5.3標(biao)(biao)志使(shi)用人(ren)(ren)義務 興(xing)(xing)安蜜(mi)(mi)桔(jie)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品地(di)理(li)標(biao)(biao)志使(shi)用人(ren)(ren)應(ying)(ying)當履行以(yi)下義務:自覺接受登(deng)記證持有(you)人(ren)(ren)的監督檢(jian)查;保證興(xing)(xing)安蜜(mi)(mi)桔(jie)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品地(di)理(li)標(biao)(biao)志的品質和(he)信(xin)譽(yu);正確規范使(shi)用興(xing)(xing)安蜜(mi)(mi)桔(jie)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品地(di)理(li)標(biao)(biao)志;地(di)理(li)標(biao)(biao)志興(xing)(xing)安蜜(mi)(mi)桔(jie)的生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)經(jing)營者,應(ying)(ying)當建立質量(liang)控制(zhi)追(zhui)溯體系。興(xing)(xing)安蜜(mi)(mi)桔(jie)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品地(di)理(li)標(biao)(biao)志持有(you)人(ren)(ren)和(he)標(biao)(biao)志使(shi)用人(ren)(ren),對(dui)地(di)理(li)標(biao)(biao)志興(xing)(xing)安蜜(mi)(mi)桔(jie)的質量(liang)和(he)信(xin)譽(yu)負責;任何(he)單位(wei)和(he)個人(ren)(ren)不得偽造、冒用興(xing)(xing)安蜜(mi)(mi)桔(jie)地(di)理(li)標(biao)(biao)志和(he)豋記證書(shu);鼓勵單位(wei)和(he)個人(ren)(ren)對(dui)興(xing)(xing)安蜜(mi)(mi)桔(jie)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品地(di)理(li)標(biao)(biao)志進行社會監督。