蓮子的種類

蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)，是睡蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)科水生草(cao)本植物蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)種子(zi)(zi)(zi)。又稱蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)實(shi)、蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)米、蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)肉(rou)。蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)以湘蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)為優(you)，湘蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)歷來(lai)作為進(jin)貢(gong)朝廷的(de)珍品，故又稱“貢(gong)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)”。蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)包括紅(hong)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)、白(bai)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)、石蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)三種。石蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)是指成熟甚至陷于淤泥的(de)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)蓬(peng)剝下(xia)來(lai)或自(zi)然掉下(xia)來(lai)的(de)帶黑(hei)色外種皮(pi)(pi)的(de)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)。紅(hong)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)是指除去外種皮(pi)(pi)的(de)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)，一(yi)般(ban)分為去芯(xin)和不去芯(xin)兩(liang)(liang)種，白(bai)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)是指去掉內種皮(pi)(pi)的(de)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)，也分去芯(xin)不去芯(xin)兩(liang)(liang)種。幾種蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)功效基本相同但使(shi)用(yong)(yong)上(shang)略有區別：紅(hong)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)帶紅(hong)色外皮(pi)(pi)，一(yi)般(ban)用(yong)(yong)于養心安神的(de)比較多(duo)，白(bai)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)色白(bai)，一(yi)般(ban)用(yong)(yong)于潤肺健脾的(de)多(duo)。

蓮子的功效與作用

1、清心、祛斑(ban)：帶心蓮子(zi)能清心火，祛除雀斑(ban)，然不可久煎。

2、防癌(ai)抗癌(ai)：蓮(lian)子善于補五(wu)臟不足，通利十二經脈氣血(xue)，使氣血(xue)暢而不腐，蓮(lian)子所(suo)含氧化(hua)黃心(xin)樹寧堿對(dui)鼻咽癌(ai)有抑制作用，這一切，構成了蓮(lian)子的防癌(ai)抗癌(ai)的營養保健功能。

3、強心安神：蓮子芯(xin)所含(han)生物堿具有顯著(zhu)的強心作用，蓮芯(xin)堿則有較強抗鈣(gai)及抗心律不齊的作用。

蓮子的食用方法

1、 脾益胃散：蓮子肉、芡實、扁豆(dou)、薏(yi)苡仁、山藥(yao)、白(bai)術、茯苓各120克(ke)，人(ren)參15克(ke)(或黨參60克(ke))。共炒研(yan)末(mo)。臨(lin)用(yong)時可加(jia)適(shi)量白(bai)糖。每(mei)次用(yong)15~30克(ke)，以溫(wen)開水沖(chong)調服(fu)。

2、 蓮子(zi)百合(he)麥冬湯：蓮子(zi)15克(ke)(ke)(帶心)，百合(he)30克(ke)(ke)，麥門冬12克(ke)(ke)。加水煎服。

3、 蓮(lian)肉糕：蓮(lian)子(zi)肉、糯(nuo)米(或大米)各200g，炒香;茯苓100g(去皮)。共研為(wei)細末，白糖適量，一同攔勻(yun)，加水使(shi)之成泥狀(zhuang)，蒸熟，待冷后壓平切(qie)塊即成。

源(yuan)于《士材(cai)三(san)書》。茯苓(ling)為補(bu)脾利濕(shi)藥，與蓮子肉、糯米(mi)同蒸糕食，則補(bu)脾益胃之功尤著。用于脾胃虛弱，飲食不(bu)化(hua)，大便稀溏等。

4、紅(hong)棗銀(yin)耳蓮子湯(tang)：紅(hong)棗100克(ke)，白木(mu)耳50克(ke)，蓮子100克(ke)，紅(hong)糖適量。將(jiang)紅(hong)棗、白木(mu)耳、蓮子洗(xi)凈后泡水。鍋中加適量的水，放入(ru)3種(zhong)材料，煮(zhu)熟后，加糖調味。

本方用帶心(xin)(xin)蓮子以清(qing)心(xin)(xin)寧神(shen)，百合、麥門冬亦有(you)清(qing)心(xin)(xin)寧神(shen)之效。用于病(bing)后余熱未盡，心(xin)(xin)陰不足(zu)，心(xin)(xin)煩口干(gan)，心(xin)(xin)悸不眠等。

5、蜜汁(zhi)紅蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)：是將蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)子與紅棗(zao)先用(yong)文火燉1小(xiao)時，再(zai)加入白(bai)糖(tang)、豬板油，文火燜至(zhi)汁(zhi)干食用(yong)。配(pei)上銀耳可調制成蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)子銀耳湯;配(pei)上人參(can)和適量冰(bing)糖(tang)隔水蒸燉，為蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)肉人參(can)湯;配(pei)上桂(gui)圓(yuan)再(zai)加紅棗(zao)、糯米(mi)共煮(zhu)，可熬(ao)成蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)子桂(gui)圓(yuan)湯。

6、蓮(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)紅(hong)棗(zao)湯：蓮(lian)藕兩大截(jie)去(qu)皮切塊洗(xi)凈瀝干(gan);紅(hong)棗(zao)4兩、蓮(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)2兩用(yong)水浸(jin)泡至軟后撈起;將藕塊和(he)紅(hong)棗(zao)、蓮(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)加冰糖適(shi)量水煮1個(ge)半小時，至食材軟透。

7、蓮子(zi)粥：蓮子(zi)20克(ke)發脹(zhang)后(hou)，在水中用刷把擦去表層，抽去蓮心沖洗干凈(jing)后(hou)放(fang)入鍋內(nei)，加(jia)清水在火上煮爛熟(shu)，備用。粳米(mi)100克(ke)同煮，淘洗干凈(jing)，放(fang)入鍋中加(jia)清水煮成薄粥，粥熟(shu)后(hou)摻(chan)入蓮子(zi)，熟(shu)后(hou)加(jia)冰糖(tang)或白糖(tang)再稍燉既可食用。

蓮子知識課堂>>