蓮子的種類

蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)，是睡蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)科水(shui)生草本植物蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)。又(you)稱(cheng)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)實、蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)米、蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)肉(rou)。蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)以湘(xiang)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)為優(you)，湘(xiang)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)歷來(lai)(lai)作為進貢朝廷的(de)(de)(de)珍(zhen)品，故又(you)稱(cheng)“貢蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)”。蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)包(bao)括紅蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)、白蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)、石(shi)(shi)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)三種(zhong)(zhong)。石(shi)(shi)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)是指成熟甚至(zhi)陷于(yu)(yu)淤(yu)泥的(de)(de)(de)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)蓬剝下來(lai)(lai)或自(zi)然(ran)掉(diao)下來(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)(de)帶(dai)黑色(se)外(wai)種(zhong)(zhong)皮的(de)(de)(de)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)。紅蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)是指除(chu)去(qu)外(wai)種(zhong)(zhong)皮的(de)(de)(de)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)，一般(ban)分(fen)為去(qu)芯和(he)不(bu)去(qu)芯兩(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)，白蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)是指去(qu)掉(diao)內種(zhong)(zhong)皮的(de)(de)(de)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)，也分(fen)去(qu)芯不(bu)去(qu)芯兩(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)。幾種(zhong)(zhong)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)功效基本相同但(dan)使用(yong)上(shang)略有區別：紅蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)帶(dai)紅色(se)外(wai)皮，一般(ban)用(yong)于(yu)(yu)養心安神的(de)(de)(de)比較多，白蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)色(se)白，一般(ban)用(yong)于(yu)(yu)潤肺健(jian)脾(pi)的(de)(de)(de)多。

蓮子的功效與作用

1、清心、祛(qu)斑：帶(dai)心蓮子能清心火，祛(qu)除雀斑，然(ran)不(bu)可(ke)久(jiu)煎。

2、防癌抗(kang)癌：蓮子(zi)(zi)善于補五臟不足(zu)，通(tong)利十二(er)經脈(mo)氣血(xue)，使氣血(xue)暢(chang)而不腐，蓮子(zi)(zi)所(suo)含(han)氧化黃心(xin)樹寧堿對鼻咽癌有抑制(zhi)作用(yong)，這一(yi)切(qie)，構成(cheng)了(le)蓮子(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)防癌抗(kang)癌的(de)(de)營(ying)養保健功能(neng)。

3、強心安神：蓮子芯(xin)所含生(sheng)物(wu)堿(jian)具有顯著(zhu)的強心作用，蓮芯(xin)堿(jian)則有較強抗鈣(gai)及抗心律不齊(qi)的作用。

蓮子的食用方法

1、 脾益(yi)胃散：蓮(lian)子(zi)肉、芡實、扁豆、薏苡(yi)仁(ren)、山藥、白(bai)(bai)術、茯苓各(ge)120克(ke)，人(ren)參15克(ke)(或(huo)黨參60克(ke))。共炒研末。臨用時可(ke)加適量白(bai)(bai)糖(tang)。每次(ci)用15~30克(ke)，以溫開(kai)水沖(chong)調(diao)服。

2、 蓮子百合麥冬湯：蓮子15克(ke)(帶心)，百合30克(ke)，麥門冬12克(ke)。加(jia)水煎服。

3、 蓮(lian)肉(rou)(rou)糕：蓮(lian)子肉(rou)(rou)、糯米(或大米)各200g，炒香;茯苓(ling)100g(去(qu)皮)。共研為細末，白糖適量，一同攔勻，加水(shui)使之成(cheng)泥狀，蒸熟，待冷后壓平切塊即成(cheng)。

源于(yu)《士材三書》。茯苓(ling)為補(bu)脾利濕藥，與蓮子肉、糯米同蒸糕食，則補(bu)脾益胃(wei)之功尤著。用于(yu)脾胃(wei)虛弱，飲食不化，大便稀(xi)溏等。

4、紅(hong)(hong)棗(zao)銀耳(er)蓮(lian)子(zi)湯：紅(hong)(hong)棗(zao)100克，白(bai)木(mu)耳(er)50克，蓮(lian)子(zi)100克，紅(hong)(hong)糖(tang)適(shi)量(liang)。將(jiang)紅(hong)(hong)棗(zao)、白(bai)木(mu)耳(er)、蓮(lian)子(zi)洗凈后泡(pao)水(shui)。鍋(guo)中加適(shi)量(liang)的水(shui)，放入3種材料(liao)，煮熟后，加糖(tang)調味。

本方用帶(dai)心蓮子(zi)以(yi)清(qing)(qing)心寧(ning)神(shen)，百合、麥門(men)冬亦有(you)清(qing)(qing)心寧(ning)神(shen)之效。用于病后(hou)余(yu)熱未(wei)盡(jin)，心陰不足，心煩口干，心悸不眠等。

5、蜜汁(zhi)紅蓮：是(shi)將(jiang)蓮子與紅棗(zao)先(xian)用文火燉(dun)1小時(shi)，再加(jia)入(ru)白糖、豬板油(you)，文火燜至汁(zhi)干食用。配(pei)上(shang)(shang)銀耳可(ke)(ke)調制成蓮子銀耳湯(tang);配(pei)上(shang)(shang)人(ren)參和適量(liang)冰糖隔水(shui)蒸燉(dun)，為蓮肉人(ren)參湯(tang);配(pei)上(shang)(shang)桂(gui)圓再加(jia)紅棗(zao)、糯米共煮，可(ke)(ke)熬(ao)成蓮子桂(gui)圓湯(tang)。

6、蓮子紅棗(zao)湯：蓮藕(ou)兩(liang)大截去皮切塊洗(xi)凈(jing)瀝(li)干;紅棗(zao)4兩(liang)、蓮子2兩(liang)用水浸(jin)泡至(zhi)軟后撈(lao)起;將藕(ou)塊和紅棗(zao)、蓮子加冰糖適(shi)量水煮1個(ge)半小時，至(zhi)食材軟透(tou)。

7、蓮子(zi)粥(zhou)：蓮子(zi)20克發脹后，在水(shui)中(zhong)用(yong)(yong)刷把擦去表層(ceng)，抽去蓮心沖(chong)洗干凈后放入鍋(guo)內(nei)，加清水(shui)在火上煮(zhu)爛熟(shu)，備用(yong)(yong)。粳米100克同煮(zhu)，淘洗干凈，放入鍋(guo)中(zhong)加清水(shui)煮(zhu)成薄粥(zhou)，粥(zhou)熟(shu)后摻入蓮子(zi)，熟(shu)后加冰(bing)糖或白(bai)糖再稍燉既可食用(yong)(yong)。

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