鐘亭大鐘
位于公(gong)園中心偏西。大(da)鐘(zhong)紫銅澆鑄,高(gao)3.65米,口徑2.3米,底邊厚0.17米,重23000公(gong)斤。鐘(zhong)頂(ding)鑄陽紋蓮瓣(ban)一(yi)(yi)周(zhou),提梁(liang)飾以云紋和波浪紋,鑄有(you)“洪(hong)武二(er)十(shi)一(yi)(yi)年(1388)九(jiu)月(yue)吉日(ri)鑄”銘文(wen)。造型精(jing)美,聲音宏(hong)亮(liang),數里可聞。原鐘(zhong)樓懸二(er)鐘(zhong),清康熙年問鐘(zhong)樓倒塌,二(er)鐘(zhong)墜地一(yi)(yi)立(li)一(yi)(yi)臥,立(li)者(zhe)咸豐年間被毀。大(da)鐘(zhong)亭(ting)重檐六角攢尖頂(ding),灰筒瓦(wa)屋面,以六根鐵(tie)(tie)柱(zhu)支撐(cheng),高(gao)14.5米,上架六角交叉鐵(tie)(tie)梁(liang),大(da)鐘(zhong)懸于梁(liang)下(xia)。鐵(tie)(tie)柱(zhu)鐘(zhong)亭(ting)由“金(jin)陵機器局”(今晨(chen)(chen)光機械廠(chang)前身)制(zhi)造。”柱(zhu)上鑄有(you)銘文(wen)。大(da)鐘(zhong)亭(ting)與鼓樓成犄角之(zhi)勢(shi),地處市(shi)中心,一(yi)(yi)鐘(zhong)一(yi)(yi)鼓,晨(chen)(chen)鐘(zhong)暮鼓,適得其所。鐘(zhong)亭(ting)與大(da)鐘(zhong)列為新評“金(jin)陵四十(shi)景”之(zhi)一(yi)(yi),名(ming)“古亭(ting)晨(chen)(chen)鐘(zhong)”。
三姑殿
位于公園(yuan)北隅。鑄(zhu)大鐘,以(yi)明代(dai)技術條件極不(bu)易(yi),因(yin)而人們編造出一個動(dong)人的(de)傳說悲(bei)劇,說朱元璋限期鑄(zhu)大鐘,違者(zhe)誅殺,工匠(jiang)(jiang)久鑄(zhu)不(bu)成(cheng),眼(yan)看限期將至(zhi),紛紛逃匿,被監吏追回者(zhe)加罪懲處,并押(ya)至(zhi)冶練(lian)爐(lu)前(qian)限當日(ri)鑄(zhu)成(cheng),工匠(jiang)(jiang)個個愁眉不(bu)展,忽見一工匠(jiang)(jiang)3個女兒到來,并齊(qi)躍入爐(lu)中(zhong),爐(lu)口頓時(shi)噴射出萬丈烈(lie)焰,銅液(ye)很快凝固,終(zhong)鑄(zhu)成(cheng)鐘。為此,后人有把此鐘稱神鐘者(zhe),并于此建三姑廟(miao),以(yi)祀之(zhi),對聯日(ri):“三妹孝義垂青史,千斛鏗鐘聲白(bai)門”。傳說二月十九、六月十九、九月十九為三個姑娘生日(ri),每(mei)屆此時(shi)亭后三姑殿內,香火熾(chi)熱。
大(da)(da)鐘(zhong)(zhong)亭(ting)(ting)公園位于鼓樓廣場東北,大(da)(da)鐘(zhong)(zhong)亭(ting)(ting)路1號,總面積5500平方(fang)米,噴泉水面60平方(fang)米,綠地率65.45%。園以大(da)(da)鐘(zhong)(zhong)亭(ting)(ting)得名。系市(shi)屬文化(hua)園林。
明(ming)(ming)洪武二十八年(1395)《洪武京城圖志(zhi)》標明(ming)(ming)鐘(zhong)樓(lou)位于鼓(gu)樓(lou)西(xi)。民(min)國《首都(dou)志(zhi)》載(zai)(zai):“碑(bei)樓(lou)(鼓(gu)樓(lou))旁為倒(dao)鐘(zhong)廠,有(you)明(ming)(ming)鐘(zhong)二,鐘(zhong)樓(lou)中故物(wu)也。”《南(nan)京小志(zhi)》載(zai)(zai):“大(da)鐘(zhong)亭,在鼓(gu)樓(lou)東側,俗稱倒(dao)鐘(zhong)廠。”
《南都都察院(yuan)志》載:“鐘(zhong)(zhong)樓原在坐子(zi)鋪(pu),建于(yu)(yu)明洪(hong)武(wu)十五年(1382),樓上(shang)懸鳴鐘(zhong)(zhong)一口(kou),洪(hong)武(wu)二(er)十四年(1391)四月(yue)二(er)十日,鑄造立鐘(zhong)(zhong)一口(kou)于(yu)(yu)樓前,洪(hong)武(wu)二(er)十五年(1392)十二(er)月(yue)十四日,造臥鐘(zhong)(zhong)一口(kou)于(yu)(yu)府軍衛后(hou)崗。
到了(le)清康熙年間,鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)樓倒(dao)塌,鳴鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、立(li)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)皆毀,惟(wei)獨臥鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)尚仔,半(ban)陷于(yu)土中,俗稱倒(dao)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)廠(chang)(臥鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鑄造日期與現(xian)存大鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)銘文有(you)誤(wu))。
光緒十五年(1889)由江(jiang)寧布政使許振(zhen)?在(zai)此建亭懸掛,稱(cheng)鐵柱亭(大鐘(zhong)亭)。門(men)首“元音再起”匾(bian)額已不存(cun)。由上所(suo)述,民(min)國時期的大鐘(zhong)亭俗稱(cheng)倒(dao)鐘(zhong)廠(chang),并非原(yuan)鐘(zhong)樓所(suo)在(zai)地(di)(坐子鋪)。
大鐘(zhong)(zhong)亭位于(yu)南京(jing)市中心鼓(gu)樓(lou)廣場(chang)東北角(jiao),明洪(hong)武15年(1382年),建(jian)了(le)一座(zuo)(zuo)鼓(gu)樓(lou)和一座(zuo)(zuo)鐘(zhong)(zhong)樓(lou),當(dang)時有兩(liang)只(zhi)鳴鐘(zhong)(zhong)。清咸豐年時,被毀(hui)一只(zhi)。清末江寧藩臺許振韋(wei)將尚存的(de)一只(zhi)鐘(zhong)(zhong)移(yi)至現址,并撥款建(jian)了(le)一座(zuo)(zuo)鐵梁鐵柱(zhu)的(de)六角(jiao)亭來懸掛,即大鐘(zhong)(zhong)亭。鐘(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)紫銅澆鑄,鐘(zhong)(zhong)高4.27米,上刻有“洪(hong)武21年9月4日鑄”銘文(wen)。鐘(zhong)(zhong)高19.60米。
大鐘(zhong)亭(ting)(ting),亭(ting)(ting)中(zhong)(zhong)懸(xuan)(xuan)洪(hong)武(wu)(wu)一二十(shi)一年(nian)(1388年(nian))鑄造的紫銅鳴鐘(zhong)一只。此(ci)(ci)鐘(zhong)原懸(xuan)(xuan)于(yu)金(jin)川門內的鐘(zhong)樓。洪(hong)武(wu)(wu)二十(shi)五年(nian),又鑄造臥鐘(zhong),清康熙年(nian)間此(ci)(ci)處遭毀,鐘(zhong)墜道(dao)旁(pang),半陷土中(zhong)(zhong)。清末移(yi)至此(ci)(ci),并建此(ci)(ci)鐵梁鐵柱(zhu)的六(liu)角(jiao)亭(ting)(ting),將明代臥鐘(zhong)懸(xuan)(xuan)掛,即"大鐘(zhong)亭(ting)(ting)"。大鐘(zhong)質精形美(mei),聲(sheng)音洪(hong)亮(liang),頂部凸鑄蓮花瓣(ban)紋一周,提(ti)梁上(shang)飾以云紋和波(bo)浪式卷角(jiao),鐘(zhong)上(shang)有“洪(hong)武(wu)(wu)二十(shi)九(jiu)年(nian)吉(ji)日鑄”銘文。
大鐘(zhong)(zhong)亭位于南京市(shi)中(zhong)心(xin)鼓樓廣場東北(bei)角,是省級文物(wu)保護單位,被列為(wei)新評《金陵四十景》之首,即“古(gu)亭晨鐘(zhong)(zhong)”。有(you)著悠久的名(ming)勝古(gu)跡,又地(di)處市(shi)中(zhong)心(xin)鬧市(shi)區,公(gong)園(yuan)原現狀卻不盡如人(ren)(ren)(ren)意(yi)。公(gong)園(yuan)共(gong)有(you)1700平(ping)(ping)方(fang)米(mi),其中(zhong)建筑有(you)658平(ping)(ping)方(fang)米(mi)。出(chu)入口只(zhi)有(you)西(xi)部(bu)一(yi)(yi)個,北(bei)部(bu)與(yu)東部(bu)周圍建筑破爛陳(chen)舊,低矮棚戶(hu)中(zhong)住了近百戶(hu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)家。由于地(di)段好和有(you)特色,這里已形(xing)成為(wei)中(zhong)外(wai)(wai)游客喜來樂往(wang)的一(yi)(yi)個旅游定點,每年平(ping)(ping)均人(ren)(ren)(ren)流(liu)量(liang)(liang)為(wei)12萬人(ren)(ren)(ren)次(ci),接待外(wai)(wai)賓1萬人(ren)(ren)(ren)次(ci),節假日人(ren)(ren)(ren)流(liu)量(liang)(liang)可達4600人(ren)(ren)(ren)次(ci)/日,許多(duo)涉外(wai)(wai)活(huo)動與(yu)洽談活(huo)動都在這里舉行。為(wei)了保護文物(wu),美化城(cheng)市(shi)景觀(guan),擴(kuo)大城(cheng)市(shi)公(gong)共(gong)綠化,提高(gao)環境(jing)質量(liang)(liang),與(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)防工程(cheng)相(xiang)結(jie)合,將(jiang)大鐘(zhong)(zhong)亭公(gong)園(yuan)進行擴(kuo)建改造。