作為(wei)(wei)(wei)百年(nian)名校(xiao)的江蘇(su)省蘇(su)州(zhou)(zhou)十中,這里曾(ceng)是(shi)蘇(su)州(zhou)(zhou)織(zhi)(zhi)造署的西(xi)花(hua)(hua)園(yuan)(yuan),為(wei)(wei)(wei)皇帝行宮(gong)后(hou)花(hua)(hua)園(yuan)(yuan)。當(dang)年(nian)康熙帝六下江南,祖孫倆在蘇(su)州(zhou)(zhou)均駐蹕西(xi)花(hua)(hua)園(yuan)(yuan)。織(zhi)(zhi)造使曹(cao)(cao)寅(yin)(曹(cao)(cao)雪(xue)芹祖父(fu))之母(mu)曾(ceng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)康熙帝乳母(mu),曹(cao)(cao)寅(yin)幼年(nian)也(ye)曾(ceng)入宮(gong)陪康熙讀書。蘇(su)州(zhou)(zhou)織(zhi)(zhi)造署西(xi)花(hua)(hua)園(yuan)(yuan)長(chang)期作為(wei)(wei)(wei)行宮(gong),實際上(shang)已經是(shi)皇家園(yuan)(yuan)林了(le)。園(yuan)(yuan)內瑞云峰,也(ye)是(shi)江南園(yuan)(yuan)林太(tai)湖石(shi)名峰之一,被譽為(wei)(wei)(wei)“妍巧(qiao)甲于江南”。
蘇(su)州是中(zhong)國“四大綢(chou)都(dou)”之一,自古絲織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業發達,為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)國絲織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)心之一,被譽為(wei)(wei)“絲綢(chou)之府”。為(wei)(wei)滿足宮(gong)廷需求,自元代起朝(chao)廷就在(zai)蘇(su)州設立(li)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)局(ju),明代由(you)太監(jian)兼理織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao),1646年(nian)(順(shun)治三年(nian))建(jian)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)局(ju),又名總(zong)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)局(ju),1674年(nian)(康熙十三年(nian))改為(wei)(wei)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)衙門,亦稱(cheng)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)府或織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)署,由(you)內務府派郎(lang)官掌管。
據史料記載,蘇(su)州(zhou)織(zhi)造署與江(jiang)寧、杭州(zhou)織(zhi)造署并稱“江(jiang)南(nan)三織(zhi)造”。1684年(康(kang)熙二十三年),在(zai)織(zhi)造署西側(ce)建(jian)(jian)行(xing)宮,作(zuo)為皇帝“南(nan)巡駐蹕(bi)之所”。原織(zhi)造署規模宏敞(chang),廳堂、園池、機房、吏舍齊(qi)備,占地甚廣。惜1860年(咸豐十年)全部毀于(yu)兵火(huo),同(tong)治(zhi)十年重建(jian)(jian),但(dan)未能恢復(fu)舊觀。蘇(su)州(zhou)織(zhi)造署舊址還保存有清《制造經制記》及順(shun)治(zhi)、乾隆、同(tong)治(zhi)年修建(jian)(jian)碑記,共五方,包括以瑞云峰(feng)為中(zhong)心的(de)行(xing)宮遺址在(zai)內,是“江(jiang)南(nan)三織(zhi)造”中(zhong)現(xian)存遺跡多的(de)一(yi)處。
《紅樓夢(meng)(meng)》是中國文學史上一部曠(kuang)世巨作,是中華民(min)族的(de)經(jing)典文化,不僅在北(bei)京(jing)有豐富的(de)背景文物,在蘇(su)州也能找到許(xu)多影子(zi)。據紅學專家考證,《紅樓夢(meng)(meng)》所描寫的(de)眾多人(ren)物關(guan)系(xi),始出自(zi)“江南三織(zhi)(zhi)造”:作者(zhe)曹(cao)雪芹的(de)祖父曹(cao)寅和舅祖李煦曾先后(hou)擔任蘇(su)州織(zhi)(zhi)造之職,曹(cao)寅的(de)母親孫(sun)氏,來(lai)自(zi)于杭州織(zhi)(zhi)造孫(sun)文成(cheng)的(de)孫(sun)家,曹(cao)寅的(de)妻子(zi)李氏來(lai)自(zi)于蘇(su)州織(zhi)(zhi)造李煦的(de)李家,她們(men)也是婆媳關(guan)系(xi)。因(yin)此(ci),《紅樓夢(meng)(meng)》中不少(shao)篇章(zhang)提及蘇(su)州的(de)人(ren)文風物,也就順理成(cheng)章(zhang)。
據此,紅學專家(jia)(jia)對紅樓夢的(de)人(ren)物(wu)關(guan)(guan)系(xi)進行了深入分析,賈(jia)(jia)母(mu)對應的(de)是(shi)(shi)曹(cao)寅(yin)之(zhi)母(mu)孫(sun)氏;賈(jia)(jia)政(zheng)對應的(de)是(shi)(shi)曹(cao)寅(yin);賈(jia)(jia)元春既是(shi)(shi)曹(cao)寅(yin)之(zhi)女、曹(cao)顒之(zhi)姐納爾蘇(su)王妃;賈(jia)(jia)母(mu)的(de)史(shi)家(jia)(jia)對應的(de)是(shi)(shi)“江南(nan)三(san)(san)織造(zao)”之(zhi)一(yi)的(de)孫(sun)文成的(de)孫(sun)家(jia)(jia);賈(jia)(jia)政(zheng)夫人(ren)的(de)王家(jia)(jia)對應的(de)是(shi)(shi)“江南(nan)三(san)(san)織造(zao)”之(zhi)一(yi)的(de)曹(cao)寅(yin)內弟李煦的(de)李家(jia)(jia)。“江南(nan)三(san)(san)織造(zao)”同是(shi)(shi)包衣之(zhi)家(jia)(jia),又(you)是(shi)(shi)親戚關(guan)(guan)系(xi)。三(san)(san)大織造(zao)的(de)關(guan)(guan)系(xi)基本定位了曹(cao)家(jia)(jia)的(de)人(ren)物(wu)。
紅(hong)學(xue)專家(jia)(jia)還發現重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)一點(dian)線索,如果能(neng)找(zhao)(zhao)到《紅(hong)樓夢(meng)》中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)薛家(jia)(jia)究竟是(shi)現實中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)誰家(jia)(jia),就(jiu)找(zhao)(zhao)到曹家(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)(de)“薛寶釵”是(shi)誰。歷史(shi)資料記載,馬(ma)桑格(ge)也(ye)是(shi)皇(huang)帝的(de)(de)(de)包衣(yi),也(ye)是(shi)江南(nan)織(zhi)造,與(yu)曹家(jia)(jia)是(shi)親(qin)戚關系(xi)(xi)。這樣一來(lai),江南(nan)四織(zhi)造:曹家(jia)(jia)、孫(sun)家(jia)(jia)、李家(jia)(jia)、馬(ma)家(jia)(jia)就(jiu)是(shi)書中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)四大(da)家(jia)(jia)族。找(zhao)(zhao)到馬(ma)家(jia)(jia)與(yu)曹家(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)(de)結合點(dian),就(jiu)基本確(que)定曹家(jia)(jia)人(ren)在書中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)對應關系(xi)(xi)。新(xin)浪原創(chuang)作品《瀟湘淚(lei)浸(jin)紅(hong)樓夢(meng)》,在紅(hong)學(xue)界也(ye)辨析(xi)了曹雪芹家(jia)(jia)族與(yu)乾隆皇(huang)后富察氏的(de)(de)(de)關系(xi)(xi)及“江南(nan)三(san)織(zhi)造”的(de)(de)(de)裙(qun)帶關系(xi)(xi)。
《重建蘇州織(zhi)造(zao)署記》位于清(qing)(qing)(qing)代(dai)(dai)織(zhi)造(zao)署建筑(zhu)多祉軒內,為清(qing)(qing)(qing)代(dai)(dai)原物,立于1872年(nian)(同治十一年(nian))。碑(bei)文(wen)(wen)記述了(le)(le)織(zhi)造(zao)署以(yi)及行宮(gong)的(de)重建情況(kuang)。撰文(wen)(wen)者(zhe)為當(dang)時的(de)督(du)理蘇州織(zhi)造(zao)德壽(shou),書寫者(zhe)為清(qing)(qing)(qing)代(dai)(dai)著名(ming)書法家何紹基。從(cong)碑(bei)文(wen)(wen)中,可以(yi)了(le)(le)解清(qing)(qing)(qing)代(dai)(dai)織(zhi)造(zao)署的(de)沿(yan)革和一些古(gu)代(dai)(dai)文(wen)(wen)化知識。
織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)一(yi)(yi)官,蓋(gai)周(zhou)(zhou)官大(da)(da)府內(nei)宰之(zhi)(zhi)屬1。我朝(chao)鑒前明任用中官2之(zhi)(zhi)失3,于順(shun)治(zhi)三年(nian)以工(gong)(gong)部侍(shi)郎一(yi)(yi)員總理(li)(li)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)務(wu)(wu),旋于江(jiang)寧(ning)、蘇(su)(su)州(zhou)(zhou)、杭州(zhou)(zhou)各簡4內(nei)務(wu)(wu)府郎官管理(li)(li)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)。康(kang)熙(xi)十(shi)三年(nian)改(gai)葑門內(nei)明嘉定(ding)伯周(zhou)(zhou)奎故宅(zhai)為(wei)蘇(su)(su)州(zhou)(zhou)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)衙門。二十(shi)三年(nian)圣祖(zu)5南巡(xun),乃于織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)署(shu)之(zhi)(zhi)西創立行宮,歷二百(bai)余年(nian),爓朗(lang)高驤6,萬(wan)民瞻仰。洎7咸豐庚申發逆(ni)8下竄,均(jun)毀(hui)于賊(zei)。同(tong)治(zhi)二年(nian)十(shi)月,李爵相鴻(hong)章以江(jiang)蘇(su)(su)巡(xun)撫(fu)(fu)統兵克復(fu)蘇(su)(su)常(chang),隨即籌辦(ban)善(shan)后(hou),百(bai)廢具興。而帑9項支詘10,不得不先其所(suo)急,故數年(nian)來未(wei)遑11議及織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)署(shu),歷任織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)皆(jie)僦12居(ju)顏家巷(xiang)民房。茲恭13遇皇上大(da)(da)婚典禮,奉14辦(ban)服物(wu)采章15,工(gong)(gong)程浩大(da)(da)。所(suo)居(ju)實形墊隘15,德壽(shou)(shou)以修(xiu)建衙署(shu)商(shang)于撫(fu)(fu)藩(fan)(fan),因度支戟(ji)局17迄(qi)18難就(jiu)緒。同(tong)治(zhi)十(shi)年(nian)春(chun),巡(xun)撫(fu)(fu)張(zhang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)萬(wan),布(bu)(bu)政(zheng)使恩公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)錫先后(hou)抵吳,德壽(shou)(shou)亦三次奉旨留任,復(fu)議及此事。二公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)曰:“是(shi)要工(gong)(gong)也。”遂遴員19集(ji)費,勼(jiu)工(gong)(gong)庀材20,經始(shi)于十(shi)年(nian)辛未(wei)歲五月,至十(shi)一(yi)(yi)年(nian)壬(ren)申歲三月落成。 經畫21大(da)(da)致,悉仍舊貫(guan)22,惟地臨(lin)河(he)濱(bin),向植木板為(wei)照壁,今將河(he)岸培寬23,易以磚石,庶24垂(chui)久遠。共計房廊四百(bai)余間,用錢(qian)四萬(wan)二千余串25。其司庫(ku)、庫(ku)使、筆(bi)(bi)帖式26等署(shu)一(yi)(yi)律修(xiu)繕。至行宮,為(wei)圣祖(zu)高宗27兩(liang)朝(chao)十(shi)二次臨(lin)幸(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)所(suo),自應敬謹(jin)(jin)重建,永識熙(xi)朝(chao)盛典。雖已(yi)清(qing)厘疆(jiang)界28,周(zhou)(zhou)立墻垣(yuan),因工(gong)(gong)鉅29帑艱(jian)未(wei)及蕆30事,是(shi)所(suo)望(wang)于后(hou)賢(xian)也。此次主修(xiu)者為(wei)原任武英(ying)殿大(da)(da)學(xue)士兩(liang)江(jiang)總督(du)一(yi)(yi)等毅勇侯曾(ceng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)國藩(fan)(fan)、升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)授閩(min)浙總督(du)江(jiang)蘇(su)(su)巡(xun)撫(fu)(fu)張(zhang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)萬(wan)、升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)署(shu)兩(liang)江(jiang)總督(du)江(jiang)蘇(su)(su)巡(xun)撫(fu)(fu)何公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)璟、升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)署(shu)江(jiang)蘇(su)(su)巡(xun)撫(fu)(fu)江(jiang)蘇(su)(su)布(bu)(bu)政(zheng)使恩公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)錫、署(shu)江(jiang)蘇(su)(su)布(bu)(bu)政(zheng)使按察使應公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)寶時、署(shu)江(jiang)蘇(su)(su)按察使候補(bu)道賈公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)益謙、杜公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)文瀾(lan)。其在(zai)事各官,則候補(bu)知府楊錫麒、劉文棨、許潤身(shen),候補(bu)直隸州(zhou)(zhou)知州(zhou)(zhou)迮常(chang)五31,候補(bu)縣丞劉沛(pei)霖、方廷鴻(hong)、俞世球也。德壽(shou)(shou)目睹辛劬32,濡(ru)筆(bi)(bi)為(wei)記(ji),附(fu)名石末,有榮(rong)幸(xing)(xing)焉。欽(qin)命三品頂戴賞戴花翎督(du)理(li)(li)蘇(su)(su)州(zhou)(zhou)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)兼(jian)管滸墅(shu)關(guan)稅務(wu)(wu)德壽(shou)(shou)謹(jin)(jin)撰,賜(si)進士出身(shen)前文淵閣校理(li)(li)國史館提調翰林院編修(xiu)四川學(xue)政(zheng)何紹基謹(jin)(jin)書(shu)。
大清同(tong)治(zhi)十一年歲次33壬申孟秋34月立。