旅游信息
俞樾(yue)(yue)故(gu)居位于蘇州市人民路馬醫科43號,占地共2800平方(fang)米,正宅(zhai)居中,自南(nan)(nan)而北(bei)(bei)(bei)分(fen)(fen)五進,其東又建配房若干,與(yu)正宅(zhai)之間(jian)(jian)(jian)以(yi)備弄(nong)分(fen)(fen)隔有(you)(you)(you)相(xiang)(xiang)互溝通(tong)(tong)(tong)。其西(xi)、北(bei)(bei)(bei)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)亭園部(bu)分(fen)(fen),形成(cheng)一(yi)(yi)曲(qu)(qu)尺形,對(dui)正宅(zhai)形成(cheng)半包(bao)圍格(ge)局。正宅(zhai)門(men)(men)廳和轎(jiao)廳皆為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)三間(jian)(jian)(jian)。第(di)三進為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)全(quan)宅(zhai)的(de)(de)主廳,名(ming)(ming)"樂知堂(tang)(tang)(tang)",面(mian)(mian)闊(kuo)(kuo)三間(jian)(jian)(jian),進深(shen)(shen)五界,為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)全(quan)宅(zhai)唯一(yi)(yi)大木(mu)結(jie)構采用(yong)(yong)扁(bian)作(zuo)抬(tai)梁式的(de)(de)建筑(zhu),用(yong)(yong)料較為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)粗壯,裝飾樸素簡(jian)潔。這里為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)俞樾(yue)(yue)當年接(jie)待(dai)貴賓和舉行(xing)(xing)生日(ri)祝壽等喜慶活動的(de)(de)場所。第(di)四(si)、五進為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)內(nei)(nei)宅(zhai),即居住(zhu)用(yong)(yong)房,與(yu)主廳間(jian)(jian)(jian)以(yi)封火山(shan)(shan)墻相(xiang)(xiang)隔,中間(jian)(jian)(jian)以(yi)石庫門(men)(men)相(xiang)(xiang)通(tong)(tong)(tong);均面(mian)(mian)闊(kuo)(kuo)五間(jian)(jian)(jian),以(yi)東西(xi)兩廂貫通(tong)(tong)(tong)前后,組成(cheng)一(yi)(yi)四(si)合院。樂知堂(tang)(tang)(tang)西(xi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)春在堂(tang)(tang)(tang),面(mian)(mian)闊(kuo)(kuo)三間(jian)(jian)(jian),進深(shen)(shen)四(si)界。堂(tang)(tang)(tang)前綴(zhui)湖(hu)石,植梧桐,為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)俞樾(yue)(yue)當年以(yi)文會友和講學(xue)之處。春在堂(tang)(tang)(tang)北(bei)(bei)(bei)突出一(yi)(yi)歇山(shan)(shan)頂小(xiao)軒,名(ming)(ming)“認春軒”。軒北(bei)(bei)(bei)雜植花木(mu),疊湖(hu)石小(xiao)山(shan)(shan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)屏,中有(you)(you)(you)山(shan)(shan)洞蜿(wan)蜒(yan)。穿山(shan)(shan)洞右折,東北(bei)(bei)(bei)隅為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)面(mian)(mian)闊(kuo)(kuo)兩間(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)“艮宧(yi)”,乃昔日(ri)琴室。循廊西(xi)行(xing)(xing),有(you)(you)(you)書房三間(jian)(jian)(jian),名(ming)(ming)“達(da)齋”。出“達(da)齋”沿廊南(nan)(nan)行(xing)(xing),有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)小(xiao)亭,三面(mian)(mian)環水(shui),池名(ming)(ming)“曲(qu)(qu)池”,亭名(ming)(ming)“曲(qu)(qu)水(shui)”。池東假(jia)山(shan)(shan)上有(you)(you)(you)“回峰閣”與(yu)亭相(xiang)(xiang)對(dui),假(jia)山(shan)(shan)中原有(you)(you)(you)小(xiao)門(men)(men)與(yu)內(nei)(nei)宅(zhai)相(xiang)(xiang)通(tong)(tong)(tong)。亭南(nan)(nan)曲(qu)(qu)廊通(tong)(tong)(tong)春在堂(tang)(tang)(tang)。小(xiao)園面(mian)(mian)積僅200平方(fang)米,但掇山(shan)(shan)開池,建廊置亭,結(jie)構布局曲(qu)(qu)折多變,頗有(you)(you)(you)小(xiao)中見大之奇。
南面為(wei)"小(xiao)(xiao)竹(zhu)里館",為(wei)當年俞(yu)樾讀書之處,館南小(xiao)(xiao)院載竹(zhu)。春(chun)在(zai)堂北(bei)突出(chu)一(yi)歇山頂小(xiao)(xiao)軒(xuan),名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)"認春(chun)軒(xuan)"。軒(xuan)北(bei)雜植(zhi)花(hua)木,疊湖(hu)石(shi)小(xiao)(xiao)山為(wei)屏,中有(you)(you)(you)山洞蜿(wan)蜒。穿山洞有(you)(you)(you)折,東(dong)北(bei)隅為(wei)面闊(kuo)兩間的"艮宦",乃昔日琴(qin)室。循廊西(xi)行,有(you)(you)(you)書房三(san)間,名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)"達齋(zhai)"。出(chu)達齋(zhai)沿廊南行,有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)小(xiao)(xiao)亭(ting),三(san)面環水,池名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)"曲池",亭(ting)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)"曲水"。池東(dong)假山上有(you)(you)(you)"回峰閣(ge)"與亭(ting)相(xiang)對,假山中原有(you)(you)(you)小(xiao)(xiao)門(men)與內宅相(xiang)通(tong)。亭(ting)南曲廊通(tong)春(chun)在(zai)堂。小(xiao)(xiao)園面積(ji)僅200平方米,建廊置亭(ting),結構(gou)布局曲折多(duo)變(bian),頗有(you)(you)(you)小(xiao)(xiao)中見大(da)之奇(qi)。
俞樾簡介
(1821-1906 )字(zi)蔭(yin)甫(fu),自號曲園居士,浙江德(de)清人。清道光三十(shi)年(1850年)進(jin)士,曾(ceng)任(ren)翰林(lin)院(yuan)編修。后(hou)受咸豐皇帝賞識(shi),放任(ren)河南(nan)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)政(zheng),被(bei)御史(shi)曹登庸劾奏"試題(ti)割裂(lie)經義",因而罷官(guan)。遂(sui)移(yi)居蘇州,潛(qian)心學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術達40余載(zai),曾(ceng)先后(hou)主講蘇州紫陽書院(yuan)、杭州詁經精舍、德(de)清清溪書院(yuan)、菱湖龍湖書院(yuan)、上海求(qiu)志(zhi)書院(yuan)等(deng)。治(zhi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)以經學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)為(wei)主,旁及諸子學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、史(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、訓詁學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue),乃至戲曲、詩(shi)詞、小(xiao)說、書法等(deng),可謂博大精深。海內及日本、朝鮮(xian)等(deng)國向(xiang)他求(qiu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)者甚眾,尊之為(wei)樸學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)大師。俞(yu)樾平生勤奮治(zhi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue),著作極(ji)豐,有《春(chun)在堂前書》,近(jin)五(wu)百卷(juan)。
歷史沿革
1954年(nian)(nian),俞(yu)(yu)樾曾孫著名(ming)(ming)學者俞(yu)(yu)平伯先生將曾祖故(gu)(gu)居(ju)(ju)捐獻(xian)歸公。1957年(nian)(nian)整修樂直堂(tang)(tang)、春(chun)在堂(tang)(tang)、小(xiao)竹(zhu)里館等(deng)(deng)廳堂(tang)(tang)及小(xiao)園。故(gu)(gu)居(ju)(ju)先后由市(shi)文聯(lian)、戲曲研究所(suo)、評(ping)彈(dan)團、科學之家等(deng)(deng)單位(wei)使(shi)用。十年(nian)(nian)動亂中(zhong),廳堂(tang)(tang)損壞嚴重,園中(zhong)假山(shan)、亭(ting)閣、曲廊、水池及花木被毀嚴重,并于(yu)其(qi)間建三層居(ju)(ju)民(min)住宅(zhai)樓(lou)一棟。1980年(nian)(nian)俞(yu)(yu)平伯、顧頡剛、葉圣陶(tao)等(deng)(deng)知名(ming)(ming)人(ren)(ren)士聯(lian)名(ming)(ming)呼吁修復。1982年(nian)(nian)由市(shi)園林局實施對故(gu)(gu)居(ju)(ju)廳堂(tang)(tang)建筑的(de)維修,至(zhi)1983年(nian)(nian)完成了樂知堂(tang)(tang)、春(chun)在堂(tang)(tang)等(deng)(deng)主要廳堂(tang)(tang)的(de)修復工(gong)作。1986年(nian)(nian)由市(shi)區文物保護管理所(suo)按名(ming)(ming)人(ren)(ren)故(gu)(gu)居(ju)(ju)進行陳設布置,并于(yu)當(dang)年(nian)(nian)10月開放(fang),供(gong)人(ren)(ren)參(can)觀(guan)。1989年(nian)(nian)又動遷居(ju)(ju)民(min)20余(yu)戶,拆除園內三層住宅(zhai)樓(lou),修復門廳、轎廳和(he)園中(zhong)亭(ting)、廊、齋(zhai)、閣等(deng)(deng)建筑及曲池。1990年(nian)(nian)繼續恢復假山(shan),補栽花木。目(mu)前俞(yu)(yu)樾故(gu)(gu)居(ju)(ju)的(de)廳堂(tang)(tang)及小(xiao)園已全面開放(fang),供(gong)人(ren)(ren)參(can)觀(guan)。所(suo)余(yu)兩進內宅(zhai)上房及東側配房,仍為居(ju)(ju)民(min)使(shi)用,將列入下一步整修規(gui)劃。