一、工夫紅茶有哪些品種

中國工夫紅茶品(pin)類多、產地(di)廣(guang)。按地(di)區命名的(de)有(you)滇紅(hong)(hong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)、祁門(men)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)、浮梁工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)、寧紅(hong)(hong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)、宜紅(hong)(hong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)、湘(xiang)江工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)、閩紅(hong)(hong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)（含坦洋工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)、白琳工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)、政和工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)）、川紅(hong)(hong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)、越紅(hong)(hong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)、臺灣工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)、江蘇(su)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)及粵紅(hong)(hong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)等。按品(pin)種又分為(wei)大(da)(da)葉工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)和小(xiao)葉工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。大(da)(da)葉工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)茶(cha)(cha)是(shi)以(yi)(yi)喬木(mu)或半喬木(mu)茶(cha)(cha)樹(shu)鮮葉制成；小(xiao)葉工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)茶(cha)(cha)是(shi)以(yi)(yi)灌(guan)木(mu)型小(xiao)葉種茶(cha)(cha)樹(shu)鮮葉為(wei)原料制成的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)茶(cha)(cha)。

二、工夫紅茶的品質特征

工夫紅茶的品質特點是外形條索細緊，色澤烏潤。沖泡后，湯色、葉底紅亮，香氣馥郁，滋味甜醇。因采制地區不同，茶樹品種有異，制作技術不一，因而，又有祁紅、滇紅、寧紅、川紅、閩紅、湖紅、越紅之分，每種紅茶都有其獨特之處！

1、祁紅

祁(qi)(qi)門(men)(men)紅(hong)茶，中(zhong)國歷史名(ming)(ming)茶。著(zhu)名(ming)(ming)紅(hong)茶精品，簡稱祁(qi)(qi)紅(hong)，產(chan)于安徽省祁(qi)(qi)門(men)(men)、東至(zhi)、貴(gui)池、石臺(tai)、黟縣(xian)，以及江西的(de)浮梁一帶。“祁(qi)(qi)紅(hong)特絕群(qun)芳最(zui)(zui)，清譽高(gao)香(xiang)不二門(men)(men)。”祁(qi)(qi)門(men)(men)紅(hong)茶是紅(hong)茶中(zhong)的(de)極品，享有盛譽，是英國女(nv)王和(he)王室的(de)至(zhi)愛飲(yin)品，高(gao)香(xiang)美譽，香(xiang)名(ming)(ming)遠播(bo)，美稱“群(qun)芳最(zui)(zui)”、“紅(hong)茶皇后”。

2、滇紅

滇(dian)紅(hong)(hong)茶(cha)是云南紅(hong)(hong)茶(cha)的統稱，分(fen)為滇(dian)紅(hong)(hong)工(gong)夫(fu)茶(cha)和滇(dian)紅(hong)(hong)碎茶(cha)兩種。

滇紅工夫：茶芽葉肥壯(zhuang)，金毫顯露,湯色(se)紅艷，香(xiang)氣高醇，滋(zi)味濃厚。

滇(dian)(dian)紅(hong)(hong)碎茶：又稱滇(dian)(dian)紅(hong)(hong)分級茶，其外形均勻，色澤烏潤，滋味濃烈，香氣鮮銳，湯色紅(hong)(hong)亮。

3、寧紅

寧紅工夫茶(cha)我國(guo)獨特的(de)傳統功夫茶(cha)之一。以其特有的(de)風(feng)格而稱譽(yu)于世，素以條(tiao)索緊結秀麗、金毫顯(xian)露、鋒(feng)苗挺(ting)拔、色(se)澤(ze)烏潤、香高持(chi)久、葉底(di)紅亮、滋味濃(nong)薄和鮮爽而馳名中外。

4、閩紅

閩(min)紅工(gong)夫(fu)(fu)茶(cha)系政和工(gong)夫(fu)(fu)、坦洋工(gong)夫(fu)(fu)和白琳工(gong)夫(fu)(fu)的統稱(cheng)，均系福建特產(chan)(chan)。三種工(gong)夫(fu)(fu)茶(cha)產(chan)(chan)地(di)不同、品(pin)種不同、品(pin)質(zhi)風格不同，但(dan)各自(zi)擁有自(zi)己(ji)的消(xiao)費愛好者，盛興百(bai)年而(er)不衰(shuai)。

（1）政和工夫

政(zheng)(zheng)和功(gong)(gong)夫是(shi)“閩(min)(min)紅”三大功(gong)(gong)夫之一，政(zheng)(zheng)和工夫產(chan)于閩(min)(min)北，以政(zheng)(zheng)和縣為主，松溪以及浙江(jiang)的慶元地(di)(di)區所(suo)產(chan)紅毛(mao)茶(cha)(cha)，亦(yi)集中政(zheng)(zheng)和加(jia)工。基本制法源于武夷“正山小(xiao)種(zhong)”而又有所(suo)改(gai)進，原料(liao)產(chan)地(di)(di)環(huan)境與(yu)茶(cha)(cha)樹品種(zhong)也與(yu)正山小(xiao)種(zhong)有所(suo)不同，因而形成(cheng)自己的獨特風格。成(cheng)品茶(cha)(cha)條索肥壯重實、勻齊，色澤烏黑油潤，毫芽顯(xian)露金(jin)黃色，頗為美觀;香氣濃郁芬芳，隱(yin)約之間頗似紫羅蘭香氣，湯色紅艷，滋味醇厚。

（2）坦洋工夫

坦洋(yang)(yang)工(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)是“閩紅(hong)”三大(da)功(gong)夫(fu)(fu)之一，曾(ceng)以產地分(fen)布最廣，產量(liang)(liang)、出口量(liang)(liang)最多而名(ming)列“閩紅(hong)”之首(shou)。坦洋(yang)(yang)工(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)分(fen)布較(jiao)廣，主(zhu)產福安、拓榮(rong)、壽寧(ning)(ning)、周寧(ning)(ning)、霞浦及屏南北(bei)部等地。有“紅(hong)衣(yi)佳人”美(mei)稱的坦洋(yang)(yang)工(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)紅(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)，其外形條索，緊(jin)結圓直，色澤烏潤，茶(cha)(cha)(cha)毫細(xi)細(xi)，略顯(xian)金黃(huang)，香氣高(gao)爽，湯色明亮，滋味(wei)醇(chun)厚，適于(yu)清飲。也可調成檸檬茶(cha)(cha)(cha)、奶(nai)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)、玫瑰紅(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)、冰紅(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)，還可以用(yong)濃香型的高(gao)度醇(chun)酒調配成奶(nai)酒茶(cha)(cha)(cha)。

（3）白琳工夫

白(bai)(bai)琳工夫(fu)產于福(fu)鼎(ding)縣太(tai)姥山(shan)白(bai)(bai)琳、湖林一帶(dai)(dai)。以(yi)主產地福(fu)鼎(ding)白(bai)(bai)琳命(ming)名(ming)，其以(yi)高超的純手工制作技藝(yi)和獨特、優秀的產質，其外形條索細長彎曲，茸毫多(duo)呈(cheng)顆粒絨球狀(zhuang)，色澤黃黑(hei)，內質湯(tang)色淺亮(liang)，香(xiang)氣(qi)鮮(xian)純有毫香(xiang)，味(wei)清鮮(xian)甜和，葉(xie)底(di)鮮(xian)紅帶(dai)(dai)黃。曾與福(fu)安縣“坦洋(yang)工夫(fu)”，政和縣“政和工夫(fu)”并列為“閩紅三大工夫(fu)茶”而馳(chi)名(ming)中外。

5、湖紅

主產湖南省安(an)化、桃源、漣源、邵陽、平江、瀏陽、長沙等縣市(shi)。湖紅工夫以安(an)化工夫為代表，外形條(tiao)索緊結尚(shang)肥實，香氣(qi)高，滋味醇厚，湯(tang)色濃，葉(xie)底(di)紅稍暗。平江工夫香高，但欠勻(yun)凈。

6、越紅

越紅工夫系浙江省出產的工夫紅茶，以條索緊結(jie)挺直，得實(shi)勻齊，鋒、苗、顯，凈度高的優美外形稱著。越(yue)紅工夫茶索緊細挺直，色(se)澤烏潤，外形優美，內(nei)質香味(wei)純(chun)正，湯色(se)紅亮較淺，葉底稍暗。越(yue)紅毫色(se)銀(yin)白(bai)或灰白(bai)。

7、粵紅

粵紅工夫，產于廣東，最著名的產地是英德，又以英紅九號最為知名。它是英德紅(hong)茶(cha)(cha)和(he)阿薩姆種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的雜(za)交產物，而英德紅(hong)茶(cha)(cha)，又是云南大葉種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和(he)廣(guang)東(dong)鳳(feng)凰單叢群體種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的交雜(za)后(hou)代，所以英紅(hong)九號有(you)大葉種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)茶(cha)(cha)的特點，滋味濃厚，加了糖和(he)奶(nai)后(hou)，味道更佳。

8、蘇紅

江蘇紅茶，亦稱“蘇紅”、“宜興紅茶”，產于江蘇宜興，經常被誤稱為“宜紅”。宜(yi)興紅茶，采摘小葉(xie)種(zhong)茶樹制作(zuo)，條索緊結，色(se)澤烏潤(run)，湯色(se)紅亮，甜(tian)香芬芳，滋味醇(chun)厚，葉(xie)底(di)紅亮多嫩莖。

9、川紅

川紅，產于四川省宜賓市等地，創制于20世紀50年代，比滇紅更晚。川紅問世以來，在國(guo)際市(shi)場上享(xiang)有(you)較高的聲譽，多(duo)年來暢銷蘇聯、法國(guo)、英國(guo)、德國(guo)及羅馬尼亞等國(guo)，堪稱中(zhong)國(guo)工(gong)夫(fu)紅茶的后起之(zhi)秀。條索肥壯圓緊、顯(xian)金(jin)毫(hao)、色澤(ze)烏黑油潤、香氣清鮮帶枯糖(tang)香，滋味醇厚(hou)鮮爽，湯色濃亮，葉底厚(hou)軟紅勻。

10、宜紅

宜紅工夫，主產于湖北鄂西山區的宜昌、恩施兩地區，起源于19世紀中葉，至今有百余年歷史。條索緊細有毫，色澤烏潤，香(xiang)氣甜純(chun)，滋味(wei)醇厚(hou)，湯色紅亮，葉底柔軟。宜紅(hong)工夫(fu)，簡稱宜紅(hong)，容易混淆成江蘇宜興紅(hong)茶。