一、工夫紅茶有哪些品種

中國工夫紅茶品類多、產(chan)地廣(guang)。按地區(qu)命名(ming)的有(you)滇紅(hong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)、祁門工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)、浮梁工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)、寧紅(hong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)、宜紅(hong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)、湘江工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)、閩紅(hong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)（含坦洋(yang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)、白(bai)琳工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)、政和(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)）、川紅(hong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)、越(yue)紅(hong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)、臺(tai)灣工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)、江蘇工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)及粵紅(hong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)等。按品種又分為大(da)葉(xie)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)和(he)小葉(xie)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)。大(da)葉(xie)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)茶是(shi)以(yi)喬木(mu)(mu)或(huo)半喬木(mu)(mu)茶樹鮮葉(xie)制成；小葉(xie)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)茶是(shi)以(yi)灌木(mu)(mu)型小葉(xie)種茶樹鮮葉(xie)為原料(liao)制成的工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)茶。

二、工夫紅茶的品質特征

工夫紅茶的品質特點是外形條索細緊，色澤烏潤。沖泡后，湯色、葉底紅亮，香氣馥郁，滋味甜醇。因采制地區不同，茶樹品種有異，制作技術不一，因而，又有祁紅、滇紅、寧紅、川紅、閩紅、湖紅、越紅之分，每種紅茶都有其獨特之處！

1、祁紅

祁門(men)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)茶(cha)，中國歷史(shi)名(ming)茶(cha)。著名(ming)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)茶(cha)精品，簡稱(cheng)祁紅(hong)(hong)(hong)，產于安徽省(sheng)祁門(men)、東至、貴池、石(shi)臺、黟縣，以及(ji)江(jiang)西(xi)的(de)浮(fu)梁一帶。“祁紅(hong)(hong)(hong)特(te)絕(jue)群芳(fang)(fang)最，清譽(yu)高(gao)香(xiang)不二門(men)。”祁門(men)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)茶(cha)是紅(hong)(hong)(hong)茶(cha)中的(de)極品，享(xiang)有盛譽(yu)，是英國女(nv)王(wang)和王(wang)室的(de)至愛飲品，高(gao)香(xiang)美譽(yu)，香(xiang)名(ming)遠播，美稱(cheng)“群芳(fang)(fang)最”、“紅(hong)(hong)(hong)茶(cha)皇(huang)后”。

2、滇紅

滇(dian)紅茶(cha)是云(yun)南(nan)紅茶(cha)的(de)統稱(cheng)，分為滇(dian)紅工夫茶(cha)和滇(dian)紅碎(sui)茶(cha)兩種(zhong)。

滇紅工夫(fu)：茶芽葉肥壯，金毫(hao)顯露(lu),湯(tang)色紅艷(yan)，香氣高(gao)醇，滋(zi)味濃厚。

滇(dian)(dian)紅碎茶：又稱滇(dian)(dian)紅分級茶，其外形均(jun)勻，色(se)澤(ze)烏(wu)潤，滋(zi)味濃(nong)烈，香氣鮮銳，湯色(se)紅亮(liang)。

3、寧紅

寧紅工夫茶我國獨特(te)的傳統功夫茶之一。以其特(te)有的風格而稱譽于世(shi)，素以條索(suo)緊(jin)結秀(xiu)麗、金毫(hao)顯露(lu)、鋒苗挺拔、色澤烏(wu)潤、香(xiang)高持久、葉底紅亮、滋味(wei)濃薄和鮮爽而馳(chi)名中(zhong)外。

4、閩紅

閩紅工(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)茶系政和工(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)、坦洋(yang)工(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)和白琳(lin)工(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)的統稱，均系福建特產。三種工(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)茶產地(di)不同(tong)、品種不同(tong)、品質風格(ge)不同(tong)，但(dan)各自擁有(you)自己的消費愛好者，盛興(xing)百年而不衰。

（1）政和工夫

政(zheng)和(he)功(gong)(gong)夫(fu)是“閩紅(hong)”三(san)大功(gong)(gong)夫(fu)之一(yi)，政(zheng)和(he)工夫(fu)產(chan)于閩北(bei)，以(yi)政(zheng)和(he)縣為主，松溪以(yi)及(ji)浙江的慶元(yuan)地(di)(di)區所產(chan)紅(hong)毛茶(cha)，亦集中政(zheng)和(he)加工。基本(ben)制法(fa)源于武夷“正山小種(zhong)”而又有(you)(you)所改(gai)進，原料產(chan)地(di)(di)環境與茶(cha)樹品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)也與正山小種(zhong)有(you)(you)所不(bu)同，因而形成自己的獨特風格。成品(pin)(pin)茶(cha)條索肥壯重實、勻齊，色澤(ze)烏黑油潤，毫芽顯(xian)露金黃色，頗為美觀;香氣(qi)濃郁芬芳，隱約之間頗似紫羅蘭香氣(qi)，湯色紅(hong)艷，滋味醇(chun)厚。

（2）坦洋工夫

坦(tan)洋工夫(fu)是“閩(min)紅”三(san)大功夫(fu)之一(yi)，曾以產地分布(bu)最廣，產量、出(chu)口量最多而名列“閩(min)紅”之首。坦(tan)洋工夫(fu)分布(bu)較廣，主產福安、拓榮(rong)、壽寧、周寧、霞浦及屏南北部等地。有(you)“紅衣佳(jia)人(ren)”美稱(cheng)的坦(tan)洋工夫(fu)紅茶(cha)(cha)，其外形(xing)條索，緊結圓直，色澤烏潤，茶(cha)(cha)毫細細，略顯金黃，香氣高(gao)爽，湯色明亮，滋(zi)味醇厚，適于(yu)清飲。也可(ke)調(diao)成檸檬(meng)茶(cha)(cha)、奶茶(cha)(cha)、玫瑰紅茶(cha)(cha)、冰(bing)紅茶(cha)(cha)，還(huan)可(ke)以用濃香型(xing)的高(gao)度醇酒調(diao)配成奶酒茶(cha)(cha)。

（3）白琳工夫

白琳(lin)工(gong)夫產(chan)于福(fu)鼎(ding)縣太姥(lao)山(shan)白琳(lin)、湖林(lin)一帶(dai)。以主產(chan)地福(fu)鼎(ding)白琳(lin)命名(ming)，其以高超的(de)純(chun)手工(gong)制作(zuo)技藝和獨特、優(you)秀的(de)產(chan)質，其外形(xing)條索細(xi)長(chang)彎曲，茸毫多(duo)呈(cheng)顆粒(li)絨(rong)球(qiu)狀，色澤黃黑，內(nei)質湯色淺(qian)亮，香氣(qi)鮮純(chun)有毫香，味清鮮甜和，葉底鮮紅帶(dai)黃。曾與福(fu)安縣“坦(tan)洋工(gong)夫”，政(zheng)和縣“政(zheng)和工(gong)夫”并列為“閩紅三大工(gong)夫茶”而馳名(ming)中外。

5、湖紅

主產湖(hu)(hu)南省安(an)化、桃(tao)源、漣源、邵陽、平(ping)江、瀏陽、長沙等縣市。湖(hu)(hu)紅工(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)以安(an)化工(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)為代(dai)表，外形條(tiao)索緊結尚(shang)肥實，香(xiang)氣(qi)高，滋(zi)味醇(chun)厚，湯色濃，葉底(di)紅稍暗。平(ping)江工(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)香(xiang)高，但(dan)欠(qian)勻凈。

6、越紅

越紅工夫系浙江省出產的工夫紅茶，以條索緊(jin)結挺直，得(de)實(shi)勻齊，鋒(feng)、苗、顯，凈度(du)高的優(you)美外形(xing)(xing)稱著。越紅(hong)工夫茶索緊(jin)細挺直，色(se)澤烏(wu)潤，外形(xing)(xing)優(you)美，內質香味(wei)純正，湯色(se)紅(hong)亮較(jiao)淺，葉底稍暗。越紅(hong)毫色(se)銀白或灰白。

7、粵紅

粵紅工夫，產于廣東，最著名的產地是英德，又以英紅九號最為知名。它是英德紅茶(cha)(cha)和阿薩姆種(zhong)的雜交產物，而(er)英德紅茶(cha)(cha)，又是云(yun)南大(da)葉(xie)種(zhong)和廣東(dong)鳳(feng)凰單叢群體種(zhong)的交雜后代，所以英紅九號有大(da)葉(xie)種(zhong)茶(cha)(cha)的特點，滋味(wei)濃厚，加了(le)糖(tang)和奶(nai)后，味(wei)道更佳。

8、蘇紅

江蘇紅茶，亦稱“蘇紅”、“宜興紅茶”，產于江蘇宜興，經常被誤稱為“宜紅”。宜興紅(hong)(hong)茶，采摘小(xiao)葉種茶樹制作(zuo)，條索(suo)緊結，色(se)(se)澤烏潤，湯色(se)(se)紅(hong)(hong)亮(liang)，甜香芬芳，滋味醇厚，葉底(di)紅(hong)(hong)亮(liang)多(duo)嫩莖。

9、川紅

川紅，產于四川省宜賓市等地，創制于20世紀50年代，比滇紅更晚。川紅(hong)問世以來(lai)，在國(guo)(guo)際市場上享有較高的聲譽，多年來(lai)暢(chang)銷蘇聯、法國(guo)(guo)、英國(guo)(guo)、德國(guo)(guo)及羅(luo)馬尼亞等國(guo)(guo)，堪稱中國(guo)(guo)工夫(fu)紅(hong)茶的后(hou)起之(zhi)秀。條索肥壯(zhuang)圓緊、顯金(jin)毫、色澤烏黑(hei)油潤(run)、香(xiang)氣清(qing)鮮帶枯糖香(xiang)，滋味(wei)醇厚鮮爽(shuang)，湯色濃亮(liang)，葉底厚軟紅勻。

10、宜紅

宜紅工夫，主產于湖北鄂西山區的宜昌、恩施兩地區，起源于19世紀中葉，至今有百余年歷史。條索緊細有(you)毫，色(se)澤烏(wu)潤(run)，香(xiang)氣甜純，滋味醇厚，湯色(se)紅亮(liang)，葉底(di)柔(rou)軟(ruan)。宜紅工夫(fu)，簡稱宜紅，容易混淆(xiao)成江蘇宜興紅茶。