歷史發展
該宅(zhai)為(wei)(wei)(wei)三進(jin)院落,房屋系硬山(shan)(shan)(shan)合瓦清水脊頂、四周繞以回(hui)廊(lang),西北(bei)部是花園。其(qi)室為(wei)(wei)(wei)內外套(tao)間,陳設簡樸(pu)。在(zai)外間西墻上(shang)鑲嵌著(zhu)一(yi)塊長方(fang)形漢白玉刻石(shi),上(shang)刻“中(zhong)(zhong)華民國十(shi)四年三月十(shi)二日(ri)上(shang)午九時二十(shi)五分孫中(zhong)(zhong)孫中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)行館山(shan)(shan)(shan)先生(sheng)在(zai)此壽終”。刻石(shi)上(shang)方(fang)還懸有(you)孫中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)遺(yi)(yi)像。遺(yi)(yi)像右邊鏡(jing)框內為(wei)(wei)(wei)臨終《遺(yi)(yi)囑》,左邊鏡(jing)框中(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)《致蘇(su)聯書(shu)》,鄰近墻條案上(shang)擺放著(zhu)《建國方(fang)略》、《中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)全書(shu)》等。新中(zhong)(zhong)國成立(li)后(hou),北(bei)京市(shi)市(shi)政府(fu)對(dui)(dui)該宅(zhai)進(jin)行了(le)妥善保護。1981年,在(zai)紀(ji)念辛亥(hai)革命70周年前夕,對(dui)(dui)紀(ji)念室進(jin)行了(le)修繕。1984年5月24日(ri),將其(qi)列(lie)為(wei)(wei)(wei)北(bei)京市(shi)第三批文物保護單位(wei)。
事跡
1924年(nian)歲末,孫(sun)(sun)(sun)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)抱病(bing)北(bei)上赴京(jing),客居在(zai)該宅第二進(jin)北(bei)房內。1925年(nian)初,孫(sun)(sun)(sun)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)發(fa)病(bing),住(zhu)進(jin)北(bei)京(jing)協和醫(yi)院,經確診為肝(gan)癌晚期,后又移回此(ci)宅。2月24日,孫(sun)(sun)(sun)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)病(bing)危,故(gu)于此(ci)口(kou)授《遺(yi)囑(zhu)》及《致蘇(su)聯書》,3月11日召見(jian)汪精衛、戴季(ji)陶(tao)、何(he)香凝等(deng),并在(zai)遺(yi)囑(zhu)上簽字。3月12日9時(shi)25分病(bing)故(gu)。4月2日治喪委員會決定在(zai)該宅門口(kou)懸(xuan)掛“孫(sun)(sun)(sun)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)先生逝世紀念室”匾(bian)。1924年(nian),馮玉祥邀請孫(sun)(sun)(sun)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)來北(bei)京(jing)商(shang)談國事,孫(sun)(sun)(sun)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)行(xing)轅設(she)在(zai)鐵獅子胡同5號的(de)外交總長顧維鈞的(de)住(zhu)宅中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。1925年(nian)3月12日,孫(sun)(sun)(sun)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)因(yin)肝(gan)癌在(zai)行(xing)館(guan)內西屋臥(wo)室病(bing)逝。孫(sun)(sun)(sun)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)行(xing)館(guan)內設(she)有“孫(sun)(sun)(sun)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)先生逝世紀念室”,在(zai)這里有孫(sun)(sun)(sun)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)遺(yi)物陳(chen)列。