簡介
萬(wan)(wan)松(song)老(lao)(lao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)在西(xi)城(cheng)區(qu)西(xi)四南(nan)大(da)街41號旁門。磚塔(ta)(ta)(ta)胡同因(yin)之得名(ming)。萬(wan)(wan)松(song)老(lao)(lao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)塔(ta)(ta)(ta),占地105平(ping)方米(mi)。八(ba)(ba)(ba)角九級(ji),密檐式磚塔(ta)(ta)(ta),疊澀砌(qi)(qi)法,總高(gao)16米(mi)。塔(ta)(ta)(ta)院東西(xi)長14米(mi),南(nan)北(bei)寬7米(mi),面積為(wei)99.3平(ping)方米(mi),其(qi)中建筑面積22.5平(ping)方米(mi)。萬(wan)(wan)松(song)行(xing)秀為(wei)金、元時期(qi)佛教曹洞宗(zong)(zong)的(de)(de)(de)高(gao)僧,河內(nei)(今河南(nan)洛陽)人(ren)(ren)(ren),俗姓蔡,于(yu)荊(jing)州出(chu)(chu)家(jia),自稱(cheng)萬(wan)(wan)松(song)野老(lao)(lao),世人(ren)(ren)(ren)尊稱(cheng)為(wei)萬(wan)(wan)松(song)老(lao)(lao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)。他深得佛法,又精通儒學,故深受金章宗(zong)(zong)器重(zhong),賜居(ju)燕京(今北(bei)京)西(xi)郊的(de)(de)(de)棲(qi)隱寺(si),直至81歲(sui)圓寂。此塔(ta)(ta)(ta)即為(wei)后(hou)人(ren)(ren)(ren)紀念(nian)他而修建的(de)(de)(de)墓塔(ta)(ta)(ta)。塔(ta)(ta)(ta)南(nan)側嵌有一方紀事石刻,上書“清(qing)乾(qian)隆(long)十八(ba)(ba)(ba)年(nian)歲(sui)次癸酉谷(gu)旦康親王王永恩奉(feng)敕重(zhong)修”。至民國初(chu)年(nian)萬(wan)(wan)松(song)老(lao)(lao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)荒蕪日久,塔(ta)(ta)(ta)頂(ding)已長草。1927年(nian)北(bei)洋政府交通總長葉恭綽(chuo)等人(ren)(ren)(ren)組成“萬(wan)(wan)松(song)精舍”,籌資整修,并加筑了圍墻(qiang)和門樓(lou)。門樓(lou)上石額書“元萬(wan)(wan)松(song)老(lao)(lao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)”,并托其(qi)附近(jin)的(de)(de)(de)廣濟寺(si)代為(wei)照看。1986年(nian)西(xi)城(cheng)區(qu)政府出(chu)(chu)資重(zhong)修,施工中發現了清(qing)乾(qian)隆(long)十八(ba)(ba)(ba)年(nian)(1753)重(zhong)修時裹砌(qi)(qi)其(qi)內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)元塔(ta)(ta)(ta)。元塔(ta)(ta)(ta)八(ba)(ba)(ba)角七(qi)級(ji),用元代特有的(de)(de)(de)薄磚疊砌(qi)(qi)而成。萬(wan)(wan)松(song)老(lao)(lao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)是北(bei)京城(cheng)區(qu)內(nei)僅存的(de)(de)(de)磚塔(ta)(ta)(ta)。
此(ci)塔玲瓏別致,與眾不同,是北京(jing)的一處街(jie)(jie)景。 今天這(zhe)座歷(li)經幾(ji)朝幾(ji)代的古塔仍矗立在北京(jing)繁華的西四大(da)街(jie)(jie)旁,給人一種(zhong)回顧歷(li)史、展望(wang)明(ming)天之(zhi)感。 位(wei)置(zhi):位(wei)于西城(cheng)區西四南大(da)街(jie)(jie)41號(hao)旁
塔為金元時代風格的密檐八角九層(ceng)磚塔,高約15.9米,是北京(jing)城區僅(jin)存的一(yi)座磚塔。塔院東(dong)西長14米,南北寬7米,面積為99.3平方(fang)米,其中(zhong)建筑面積22.5平方(fang)米。
萬松老人
萬(wan)(wan)松(song)老人(ren)(ren)即萬(wan)(wan)松(song)行秀(xiu)禪(chan)師(shi)(shi),自稱萬(wan)(wan)松(song)野(ye)老。金代(dai)河(he)內(nei)(今黃河(he)以(yi)北)人(ren)(ren)。出家于(yu)(yu)荊州,是(shi)金元間著名的佛教大師(shi)(shi)(屬佛教支派曹洞宗),15歲在(zai)荊州出家,受(shou)戒(jie)后云游天(tian)下(xia),尋師(shi)(shi)訪友,參究禪(chan)宗修(xiu)(xiu)行之道。據《五燈(deng)嚴統》本傳:行秀(xiu)對諸子(zi)百家之學(xue)無不會通(tong),對《華嚴經》下(xia)的功夫最(zui)多。他(ta)精通(tong)曹洞宗的禪(chan)說,又(you)長(chang)于(yu)(yu)機辯,年(nian)輕時(shi)(shi)(shi)就聲名赫赫。同(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)深通(tong)儒家經典。金章宗于(yu)(yu)明昌四年(nian)(1193年(nian))召見他(ta),詢問(wen)佛道,并(bing)(bing)(bing)賜(si)贈錦綺(qi)大僧衣一(yi)件;承安二年(nian)(1197年(nian))又(you)下(xia)詔萬(wan)(wan)松(song)行秀(xiu)住燕京(jing)西(xi)郊仰山的棲隱寺,直到他(ta)81歲圓寂。其(qi)名聲因(yin)(yin)當時(shi)(shi)(shi)的蒙古書令(ling)耶(ye)律楚(chu)材(cai)師(shi)(shi)事之而益彰(zhang)。耶(ye)律楚(chu)材(cai)向之參學(xue)三年(nian),僧以(yi)湛然居士目之,萬(wan)(wan)松(song)老人(ren)(ren)曾語文(wen)正“以(yi)儒治國,以(yi)佛治心(xin)”,因(yin)(yin)而耶(ye)律楚(chu)材(cai)在(zai)元太宗任中書令(ling)(相當宰相)時(shi)(shi)(shi),推行其(qi)主(zhu)張。萬(wan)(wan)松(song)老人(ren)(ren)著作有《從容錄(lu)》、《清(qing)(qing)益后錄(lu)》、《萬(wan)(wan)壽語錄(lu)》等。萬(wan)(wan)松(song)老人(ren)(ren)圓寂后修(xiu)(xiu)此(ci)墓塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta),塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)原為八角七級密(mi)檐式磚塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)。清(qing)(qing)乾(qian)隆十八年(nian)(1753年(nian))重修(xiu)(xiu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)加(jia)高(gao)至九級。塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)上嵌有石刻一(yi)塊(kuai)上書“乾(qian)隆十八年(nian)歲次癸酉谷旦康親王(wang)永恩奉敕重修(xiu)(xiu)”。民國十六(liu)年(nian)(1927年(nian))由葉恭(gong)綽(chuo)等人(ren)(ren)重修(xiu)(xiu),辟大門并(bing)(bing)(bing)書石門額“元萬(wan)(wan)松(song)老人(ren)(ren)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)”。1950年(nian)萬(wan)(wan)精舍同(tong)人(ren)(ren)葉恭(gong)綽(chuo)等人(ren)(ren)請求(qiu)政府(fu)接管(guan)萬(wan)(wan)松(song)老人(ren)(ren)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta),隨后由北京(jing)文(wen)物(wu)(wu)整理(li)委員會接管(guan)。1986年(nian)西(xi)城區人(ren)(ren)民政府(fu)撥款(kuan)維修(xiu)(xiu)磚塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta),并(bing)(bing)(bing)在(zai)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)前(qian)大門后建房三間。1986年(nian)維修(xiu)(xiu)中發(fa)現清(qing)(qing)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)內(nei)包(bao)著元塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)。該塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)是(shi)北京(jing)城區內(nei)僅(jin)存(cun)的一(yi)座磚塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)。現已公布為西(xi)城區文(wen)物(wu)(wu)保護單位。
設計結構
萬(wan)松(song)老(lao)人(ren)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)建(jian)(jian)造十分精巧。塔(ta)(ta)(ta)身(shen)分內外(wai)(wai)兩(liang)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng),外(wai)(wai)涂白(bai)色,東、西、南、北四(si)面(mian)(mian)設券(quan)(quan)門(men)(men),其余四(si)面(mian)(mian)辟(pi)欞窗(假窗),窗由大(da)方(fang)(fang)磚(zhuan)雕刻而成。最上(shang)兩(liang)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng),則八面(mian)(mian)均辟(pi)券(quan)(quan)門(men)(men)。門(men)(men)為拱券(quan)(quan)式,券(quan)(quan)外(wai)(wai)繪(hui)方(fang)(fang)形圖案,設有(you)(you)磚(zhuan)雕門(men)(men)額、門(men)(men)簪(zan)。塔(ta)(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)各層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng),均疊(die)澀出檐,托出一(yi)平臺,惟底層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)有(you)(you)瓦脊。各層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)檐角(jiao)(jiao)皆有(you)(you)挑檐木,外(wai)(wai)端有(you)(you)鐵環,原置有(you)(you)風(feng)鐸(大(da)鈴)。萬(wan)松(song)老(lao)人(ren)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)心和外(wai)(wai)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)之間形成八角(jiao)(jiao)形環廊,猶如大(da)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)中(zhong)包(bao)著(zhu)一(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)小塔(ta)(ta)(ta)。回廊兩(liang)側設有(you)(you)25個(ge)壁龕(kan),龕(kan)內有(you)(you)壁畫(hua)或(huo)泥塑像,回廊頂端有(you)(you)雕花磚(zhuan)天(tian)花板(ban),并加(jia)彩繪(hui),刻制精美細膩。在(zai)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)座基主壁龕(kan)內,以(yi)及(ji)各層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)回廊的(de)(de)磚(zhuan)壁上(shang),嵌有(you)(you)許多碑刻和名人(ren)題詠,對(dui)研究宋代(dai)歷(li)史(shi)及(ji)古代(dai)建(jian)(jian)筑有(you)(you)重要價值。沿(yan)各層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)磚(zhuan)質梯階順級而上(shang),可達塔(ta)(ta)(ta)頂。凌(ling)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)頂遠眺(tiao),平原縱橫(heng)阡陌,太行(xing)峰巒蜿蜒起伏,城市村落,河(he)流(liu)道路,歷(li)歷(li)在(zai)目(mu)。筆者曾數度登臨(lin),每每生發出“不(bu)畏浮云遮望眼,只(zhi)緣身(shen)在(zai)最高層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)”的(de)(de)切(qie)實感受。萬(wan)松(song)老(lao)人(ren)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)從始建(jian)(jian)至(zhi)今(jin),已有(you)(you)整(zheng)整(zheng)一(yi)千年(nian)的(de)(de)歷(li)史(shi)。在(zai)長(chang)達千年(nian)的(de)(de)風(feng)雨剝(bo)蝕中(zhong),此塔(ta)(ta)(ta)經(jing)歷(li)了十幾次(ci)地震,但古塔(ta)(ta)(ta)仍(reng)巍然聳立。可惜(xi)的(de)(de)是,清光緒(xu)十年(nian)(公(gong)元1884年(nian))六月,塔(ta)(ta)(ta)身(shen)東北面(mian)(mian)自(zi)上(shang)而下塌落,破壞了這一(yi)重要建(jian)(jian)筑物的(de)(de)完整(zheng)。從1986年(nian)開始,國家文物部門(men)(men)投巨資對(dui)其進行(xing)整(zheng)體加(jia)固維(wei)修(xiu),2001年(nian)年(nian)底已基本竣工,預計(ji)2002年(nian)年(nian)底向社會(hui)開放,這一(yi)歷(li)史(shi)名塔(ta)(ta)(ta)將以(yi)嶄新的(de)(de)面(mian)(mian)貌重現在(zai)世人(ren)面(mian)(mian)前。
文物價值
萬(wan)(wan)松(song)老(lao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)塔(ta)之(zhi)所以特別引人(ren)(ren)(ren)注目,除了(le)它歷(li)史悠(you)久、香火旺(wang)盛(sheng)外,寺(si)(si)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)珍(zhen)藏(zang)(zang)(zang)著(zhu)(zhu)許多歷(li)史上(shang)(shang)(shang)遺留(liu)下來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)珍(zhen)貴文(wen)(wen)物(wu)。比如,在(zai)(zai)掛著(zhu)(zhu)“大(da)(da)(da)顯(xian)通寺(si)(si)”匾(bian)額的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)山門外兩(liang)(liang)側(ce),各(ge)有一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)石碑(bei),石碑(bei)上(shang)(shang)(shang)摹仿龍形和虎形,分(fen)別寫(xie)著(zhu)(zhu)“龍”、“虎”兩(liang)(liang)個(ge)(ge)大(da)(da)(da)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。寺(si)(si)廟中用龍虎把(ba)守大(da)(da)(da)門,甚為奇特。而(er)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)兩(liang)(liang)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)石碑(bei)又是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)唐代(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)遺物(wu),彌足(zu)珍(zhen)貴。在(zai)(zai)大(da)(da)(da)文(wen)(wen)殊殿(dian)(dian)(dian)前(qian)(qian)(qian)有兩(liang)(liang)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)碑(bei)亭(ting),亭(ting)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)石碑(bei)也(ye)比較特殊,一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)無字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)碑(bei),一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)碑(bei),有字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)碑(bei)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)清(qing)(qing)朝(chao)(chao)康熙(xi)帝(di)皇帝(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)御(yu)筆。藏(zang)(zang)(zang)經(jing)(jing)(jing)樓(lou)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei),收藏(zang)(zang)(zang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各(ge)種(zhong)文(wen)(wen)物(wu)那就更多了(le)。在(zai)(zai)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)里(li),有北魏時(shi)期銅(tong)(tong)鑄(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)旃檀佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)像,有北宋(song)開(kai)寶年(nian)(nian)間刊(kan)刻的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)雷峰塔(ta)藏(zang)(zang)(zang)經(jing)(jing)(jing),有明(ming)代(dai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)繪制在(zai)(zai)菩提樹葉上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)十(shi)八羅漢像,有楊(yang)五(wu)郎(lang)使(shi)用過的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兵器(qi)——八十(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)斤(jin)重的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鐵棍……然(ran)而(er),在(zai)(zai)萬(wan)(wan)松(song)老(lao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)塔(ta)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)最珍(zhen)貴也(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)最值(zhi)得一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)看的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)物(wu),卻是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)千(qian)缽(bo)文(wen)(wen)殊銅(tong)(tong)像、銅(tong)(tong)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)和銅(tong)(tong)塔(ta)、無量殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、華(hua)嚴經(jing)(jing)(jing)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)塔(ta)和重達(da)九(jiu)千(qian)九(jiu)百九(jiu)十(shi)九(jiu)斤(jin)半(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)銅(tong)(tong)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。千(qian)缽(bo)文(wen)(wen)殊銅(tong)(tong)象,供奉在(zai)(zai)千(qian)缽(bo)文(wen)(wen)殊殿(dian)(dian)(dian)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)。這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)尊(zun)銅(tong)(tong)像,造型(xing)奇特,上(shang)(shang)(shang)疊五(wu)個(ge)(ge)頭像;胸(xiong)前(qian)(qian)(qian)有手(shou)六(liu)只(zhi),其中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)(liang)只(zhi)捧著(zhu)(zhu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)金缽(bo),缽(bo)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)坐著(zhu)(zhu)釋迦牟尼(ni)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo),背(bei)后向(xiang)四(si)周伸出一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)千(qian)只(zhi)手(shou),每(mei)只(zhi)手(shou)上(shang)(shang)(shang)都有一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)金缽(bo),每(mei)個(ge)(ge)缽(bo)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)都有一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)尊(zun)釋迦牟尼(ni)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)。所以,這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)尊(zun)銅(tong)(tong)像又被叫(jiao)做(zuo)千(qian)臂千(qian)缽(bo)千(qian)釋迦文(wen)(wen)殊像。這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)尊(zun)像金光燦爛,鑄(zhu)(zhu)于(yu)明(ming)代(dai),全國少有。銅(tong)(tong)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)和銅(tong)(tong)塔(ta),也(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)全國罕(han)見的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)物(wu)。銅(tong)(tong)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)高八點三(san)米,寬四(si)點七米,深(shen)四(si)點五(wu)米,是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)明(ming)朝(chao)(chao)萬(wan)(wan)歷(li)年(nian)(nian)間用銅(tong)(tong)十(shi)萬(wan)(wan)斤(jin)鑄(zhu)(zhu)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)四(si)壁鑄(zhu)(zhu)滿了(le)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)像,號稱(cheng)萬(wan)(wan)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo);銅(tong)(tong)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)隔(ge)扇(shan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)外壁,鑄(zhu)(zhu)有各(ge)種(zhong)圖案和花卉(hui)鳥獸,如玉兔拜月(yue)、丹鳳朝(chao)(chao)陽、二(er)龍戲珠(zhu)等,非(fei)常精致。銅(tong)(tong)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)前(qian)(qian)(qian)原(yuan)有銅(tong)(tong)塔(ta)五(wu)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo),暗含五(wu)臺(tai)之(zhi)意,現僅(jin)(jin)留(liu)下兩(liang)(liang)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo),八面(mian)十(shi)三(san)層,玲瓏(long)秀麗,引人(ren)(ren)(ren)注目。華(hua)嚴經(jing)(jing)(jing)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)塔(ta)陳列(lie)在(zai)(zai)藏(zang)(zang)(zang)經(jing)(jing)(jing)樓(lou)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)。這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)塔(ta)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用蠅頭小楷(kai)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)組成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。在(zai)(zai)長(chang)(chang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)丈八尺,寬六(liu)尺的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)黃綾(ling)和白綾(ling)上(shang)(shang)(shang),寫(xie)有《華(hua)嚴經(jing)(jing)(jing)》八十(shi)卷,六(liu)十(shi)萬(wan)(wan)零四(si)十(shi)三(san)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)清(qing)(qing)朝(chao)(chao)康熙(xi)帝(di)年(nian)(nian)間蘇州許德心(xin)用四(si)年(nian)(nian)時(shi)間設計、八年(nian)(nian)時(shi)間書寫(xie)完(wan)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)品(pin),確實珍(zhen)貴。大(da)(da)(da)銅(tong)(tong)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)懸掛在(zai)(zai)顯(xian)通寺(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)樓(lou)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)。這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)口鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鑄(zhu)(zhu)于(yu)明(ming)朝(chao)(chao)萬(wan)(wan)歷(li)四(si)十(shi)八年(nian)(nian)(公元1620年(nian)(nian)),重九(jiu)千(qian)九(jiu)百九(jiu)十(shi)九(jiu)斤(jin)半(ban)。為什么不(bu)鑄(zhu)(zhu)成(cheng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)萬(wan)(wan)斤(jin)呢?這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為了(le)忌諱皇帝(di)“萬(wan)(wan)歲”老(lao)爺的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“萬(wan)(wan)”字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)口鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)名叫(jiao)幽冥鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)外部,鑄(zhu)(zhu)有楷(kai)書佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)經(jing)(jing)(jing)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)部,共一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)萬(wan)(wan)余(yu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。因為敲(qiao)擊時(shi)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)聲(sheng)綿長(chang)(chang),傳播深(shen)遠(yuan),所以人(ren)(ren)(ren)們又把(ba)此鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)叫(jiao)做(zuo)長(chang)(chang)鳴鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),也(ye)稱(cheng)為長(chang)(chang)命(ming)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。顯(xian)通鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)聲(sheng),歷(li)來是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)梵(fan)宇佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)國的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)標志,向(xiang)來為人(ren)(ren)(ren)們所稱(cheng)道。大(da)(da)(da)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)重建于(yu)清(qing)(qing)光緒(xu)二(er)十(shi)五(wu)年(nian)(nian)(公元1899年(nian)(nian)),系木(mu)(mu)結(jie)構建筑(zhu)。大(da)(da)(da)雄寶殿(dian)(dian)(dian),是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)舉(ju)辦盛(sheng)大(da)(da)(da)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)事活(huo)動的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)場(chang)所。此殿(dian)(dian)(dian)占地一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)畝二(er)分(fen),高大(da)(da)(da)肅穆。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)正前(qian)(qian)(qian)方的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)橫梁上(shang)(shang)(shang),高懸康熙(xi)御(yu)筆“真如權應”木(mu)(mu)匾(bian),下面(mian)條幅橫懸,兩(liang)(liang)旁錦(jin)幡垂掛。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)臺(tai)上(shang)(shang)(shang),并列(lie)主(zhu)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)三(san)尊(zun),中間是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)釋迦牟尼(ni)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo),東面(mian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)藥(yao)師(shi)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo),西面(mian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)阿彌陀(tuo)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo),殿(dian)(dian)(dian)墻兩(liang)(liang)側(ce)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)十(shi)八羅漢,均為明(ming)、清(qing)(qing)雕塑(su)。佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)前(qian)(qian)(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地面(mian)十(shi)分(fen)寬敞,經(jing)(jing)(jing)案上(shang)(shang)(shang)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)燈高照,寶鼎焚香,擺著(zhu)(zhu)各(ge)色供果,敬有美麗鮮(xian)花。東面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)(jing)案頭,還擺著(zhu)(zhu)鼓、磬、鐺、木(mu)(mu)魚(yu)等佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)家樂器(qi)。不(bu)僅(jin)(jin)本寺(si)(si)僧(seng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)在(zai)(zai)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)做(zuo)早晚功課(ke),每(mei)逢(feng)大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)事活(huo)動日(ri),由佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)教協會主(zhu)持,各(ge)寺(si)(si)廟的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)僧(seng)尼(ni)都要(yao)身披(pi)袈裟,匯集(ji)到(dao)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)里(li)舉(ju)行禮佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)儀式。萬(wan)(wan)松(song)老(lao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)塔(ta)各(ge)大(da)(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)保存(cun)完(wan)好。
景區特點
萬松老(lao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)特點有五(wu):一(yi)(yi)是歷史古老(lao);有近千年(nian)的(de)(de)歷史,巍然壯觀,國內罕見(jian);二是根(gen)深(shen)蒂固,經歷過郯城1668 年(nian)8.5級(ji)(ji)大地震的(de)(de)洗禮,至今(jin)不歪不斜(xie);和新(xin)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)一(yi)(yi)般;三是塔(ta)(ta)(ta)形壯麗(li),水色山(shan)光(guang),白云塔(ta)(ta)(ta)影,使(shi)游(you)(you)人(ren)(ren)(ren)贊嘆不已;再(zai)經山(shan)光(guang)水色的(de)(de)映(ying)襯(chen),萬松老(lao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)相得益彰;四(si)是既能(neng)看(kan)又能(neng)爬,游(you)(you)客有參與的(de)(de)機會(hui);五(wu)是有動人(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)神話傳說,倍增游(you)(you)興。萬松老(lao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)是北(bei)京風景(jing)(jing)名(ming)勝區的(de)(de)主要(yao)景(jing)(jing)點之(zhi)一(yi)(yi)。明(ming)代(dai)顧乾《三十(shi)(shi)六景(jing)(jing)圖(tu)》中稱之(zhi)為“古塔(ta)(ta)(ta)穿云”;清代(dai)黃申(shen)瑾《二十(shi)(shi)四(si)景(jing)(jing)圖(tu)》中稱之(zhi)為“塔(ta)(ta)(ta)影團(tuan)圓”。可以助人(ren)(ren)(ren)遐想(xiang)。登上(shang)(shang)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)頂,能(neng)看(kan)到(dao)四(si)周群山(shan)都變矮了,連山(shan)頂的(de)(de)白云也蕩漾于(yu)腳下。再(zai)登山(shan)一(yi)(yi)看(kan),寶塔(ta)(ta)(ta)如同一(yi)(yi)根(gen)春筍。這種景(jing)(jing)象當地人(ren)(ren)(ren)叫做“山(shan)拜(bai)(bai)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)、塔(ta)(ta)(ta)拜(bai)(bai)山(shan)”,也有叫做“山(shan)不壓塔(ta)(ta)(ta)、塔(ta)(ta)(ta)不壓山(shan)”。它(ta)吸引著成千上(shang)(shang)萬的(de)(de)中外游(you)(you)客,無愧(kui)于(yu)“九級(ji)(ji)云梯攀到(dao)頂,一(yi)(yi)天星斗喜垂肩,關心海島(dao)千山(shan)雨,放眼齊州幾(ji)點煙(yan)”的(de)(de)詩贊。